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The opposition arose because Augustine’s view rejected the traditional view of election based upon God's foreknowledge, replacing it with a predestination as "necessity based upon fate". [89] Similarly, the Council of Arles (475) condemned the idea that "some have been condemned to death, others have been predestined to life". [ 90 ]
Augustine of Hippo (/ ɔː ˈ ɡ ʌ s t ɪ n / aw-GUST-in, US also / ˈ ɔː ɡ ə s t iː n / AW-gə-steen; [22] Latin: Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), [23] also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.
Apart from those, Augustine is probably best known for his Confessions, which is a personal account of his earlier life, and for De civitate dei (The City of God, consisting of 22 books), which he wrote to restore the confidence of his fellow Christians, which was badly shaken by the sack of Rome by the Visigoths in 410.
De Genesi ad litteram (Latin: [d̪eː gɛ.nɛ.siː liː.tɛ.ram]; Literal Commentary on Genesis) [1] is an exegetical reading of the Book of Genesis written in Latin by Augustine of Hippo. [2] Likely completed in AD 415, this work was Augustine's second attempt to literally interpret the Genesis narrative .
In response to Pelagius, Augustine adopted a theological system that included not only original sin (which Pelagius denied), but also a form of predestination. [2] Some authors maintain that Augustine taught the doctrines of limited atonement [3] and of irresistible grace, [4] later associated with classic Calvinism; however, others insist that ...
"Augustine considered the human race as a compact mass, a collective body, responsible in its unity and solidarity. Carrying out his system in all its logical consequences, he laid down the following rigid proposition as his doctrine: 'As all men have sinned in Adam; they are subject to the condemnation of God on account of this hereditary sin and the guilt thereof'" [12] [13]
Augustine asserted that God predetermined parents to seek baptism for their newborns, linking water baptism to regeneration, [32] and ultimately predetermining which infants are damned and which are justified. [33] Augustine had to explain why some baptized individuals continued in the faith while others fell away and lived immoral lives.
Book Four of De doctrina Christiana has sparked a great deal of debate among scholars with regard to the extent to which Augustine's work has been influenced by the rules and traditions of classical rhetoric, and more specifically by the writings of Cicero. In the final chapter of On Christian Doctrine, Augustine uses much of Cicero's ...