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A lethal infection in mink, the Aleutian disease virus lies dormant in ferrets until stress or injury allows it to surface. While the parvovirus itself causes little or no harm to the ferret host, the large number of antibodies produced in response to the presence of the virus results in a systemic vasculitis, resulting in eventual renal failure, bone marrow suppression and death. [10]
The first known transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among wild mink was reported in Utah, which researchers believed was due to contact with infected captive mink rather than through an intermediary vector in the wild or direct human-to-mink transmission. [1]
The virus replicates in the cells of the crypt epithelium in the duodenum and jejunum and, to a lesser extent the ileum, colon and caecum. The severity of the disease is directly related to necrosis of the crypt epithelium. [2] Virus enteritis of mink was recognized first in 1947 when epizootics occurred among ranch mink in southern Canada.
Viral disease is the sum of the effects of viral replication on the host and the host's subsequent immune response against the virus. [3] Viruses are able to initiate infection, disperse throughout the body, and replicate due to specific virulence factors. [2] There are several factors that affect pathogenesis.
Virions consist of 1 viral structural protein (major species), or 2 Viral structural proteins (detected in Norwalk virus, amyelosis chronic stunt virus and porcine enteric calicivirus located in the capsid. Viral structural protein: Capsid protein has a molar mass of 58000–60000 Da; is the coat protein.
Replication of the canine distemper virus (CDV) cycle. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by viral attachment to host cell. Replication and transcription follow the negative-stranded RNA virus models. [7] Translation takes place by leaky scanning, ribosomal shunting, and RNA termination-reinitiation. The ...
To enter the cells, proteins on the surface of the virus interact with proteins of the cell. Attachment, or adsorption, occurs between the viral particle and the host cell membrane. A hole forms in the cell membrane, then the virus particle or its genetic contents are released into the host cell, where replication of the viral genome may commence.
Vector transmission: the virus is picked up by a carrier and brought to a new host (an example is viral encephalitis) [35] Waterborne transmission: the virus leaves a host and enters the water, where a new host consumes the water (an example is the poliovirus) [36] Sit-and-wait-transmission: the virus is living outside a host for long periods ...