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Typical purpura on lower leg More severe case of HSP on child's foot, leg, and arm. Purpura, arthritis, and abdominal pain are known as the "classic triad" of Henoch–Schönlein purpura. [5] Purpura occur in all cases, joint pains and arthritis in 80%, and abdominal pain in 62%.
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. [1] The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration ().
Nonthrombocytopenic purpura is a type of purpura (red or purple skin discoloration) not associated with thrombocytopenia. [1] Nonthrombocytopenic purpura has been reported after smoking mentholated cigarettes. [2] Examples/causes include: Henoch–Schönlein purpura [3] Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia [4] Congenital cytomegalovirus [1 ...
In cases where a cause can be determined, medications and infectious pathogens are most common in adults, while IgA vasculitis (Henoch–Schönlein purpura) frequently affects children. [6] Other etiologies include autoimmune conditions and malignancies, usually hematologic (related to the blood). [5] [6]
Purpura (/ ˈ p ɜːr p jʊər ə / [1]) is a condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. The spots are caused by bleeding underneath the skin secondary to platelet disorders, vascular disorders, coagulation disorders, or other causes. [ 2 ]
Immune complex glomerulonephritis, as seen in Henoch-Schönlein purpura; this is an example of IgA involvement in a nephropathy. The reaction can take hours, days, or even weeks to develop, depending on whether or not there is immunological memory of the precipitating antigen. Typically, clinical features emerge a week following initial antigen ...
There are numerous causes of palpable purpura, such as autoimmune diseases, drug reactions, vaccinations, and infections.The most common infectious causes are N. gonorrhoeae, S. aureus, and N. meningitides, however palpable purpura has also been caused by Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsiae, Mycobacterium, and very rarely by Treponema pallidum, Brucella spp., Yersinia, Campylobacter, and Bartonella.
By tradition, the term idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is used when the cause is idiopathic, or unknown. However, most cases are now considered to be immune-mediated. [citation needed] Another form is thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. [citation needed]