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From Latin dīrus 'fearful; ominous' + fīlum 'thread', Dirofilaria is a genus of nematodes of the superfamily Filarioidea.The first known description of Dirofilaria may have been by Italian nobleman Francesco Birago in 1626 in his Treatise on Hunting: “The dog generates two worms, which are half an arm’s length long and thicker than a finger and red like fire.”
Toxocara canis (T. canis, also known as dog roundworm) is a worldwide-distributed helminth parasite that primarily infects dogs and other canids, but can also infect other animals including humans. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The name is derived from the Greek word toxon 'bow, quiver' and the Latin word caro 'flesh'. [ 3 ]
Seroprevalence in humans is 68% in Italy and 22% in France. The adult worms migrate mainly to the subcutis, but can invade all kinds of organs. [86] The dog plays a role in the spread of trichinellosis in only a few regions of the world. In China, the consumption of dog meat is an important source of infection for humans. [87]
Dirofilaria immitis, also known as heartworm or dog heartworm, is a parasitic roundworm that is a type of filarial worm, a small thread-like worm, and which causes dirofilariasis. It is spread from host to host through the bites of mosquitoes. Four genera of mosquitoes transmit dirofilariasis, Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, and Mansonia. [2]
Ancylostoma caninum is a species of nematode known as a hookworm, which principally infects the small intestine of dogs. [1] [2] [3] The result of A. caninum infection ranges from asymptomatic cases to death of the dog; better nourishment, increasing age, prior A. caninum exposure, or vaccination are all linked to improved survival.
The life cycle begins when L3 larvae are ingested by a definitive host, primarily the fox or dog. This can be through eating mollusc (intermediate hosts), frogs (paraentenic hosts), or from food infected with slime from the slugs or snails. The L3 larvae migrate to the mesenteric lymph nodes and molt to L4, and L5.
Out of different types of worms, Trichuris vulpis is one of the smaller worms with a size ranging from 30–50 mm in length. As the name suggests, the worm has a whip-like shape with distinct features including a small, narrow anterior head, which is the digestive part of the worm, and a larger posterior tail, which is the reproductive part of ...
Toxocariasis is an illness of humans caused by the dog roundworm (Toxocara canis) and, less frequently, the cat roundworm (Toxocara cati). [1] These are the most common intestinal roundworms of dogs, coyotes, wolves and foxes and domestic cats, respectively. [2]
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