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Autograft, tissue transplanted from one site to another on the same patient. An autograft reduces the risk of rejection but requires a second surgery site, adding pain, risk and possible longer aftercare. Xenograft, a transplant from another species; Isograft, a transplant from a genetically identical donor, such as an identical twin.
This kind of graft is known as a vital bone graft. [citation needed] An autograft may also be performed without a solid bony structure, for example, using bone reamed from the anterior superior iliac spine. In this case, there is an osteoinductive and osteogenic action, however, there is no osteoconductive action, as there is no solid bony ...
A syngeneic graft is known as an isograft. [2] Related terms include: [citation needed] autogeneic, referring to autotransplantation, also termed autograft, (from one part of the body to another in the same person) allogeneic, referring to allotransplantation or an allograft (from other individual of same species).
Transplant engineering (or allograft engineering) is a variant of genetic organ engineering which comprises allograft, autograft and xenograft engineering. In allograft engineering the graft is substantially modified by altering its genetic composition. The genetic modification can be permanent or transient. The aim of modifying the allograft ...
An allograft contains many of the beneficial characteristics of nerve autograft, such as three-dimensional microstructural scaffolding and protein components inherent to nerve tissue. [3] One of the adverse effects of nerve allotransplantation is the immunogenic response.
Autograft: graft taken from one part of the body of an individual and transplanted onto another site in the same individual, e.g., skin graft. Isograft: graft taken from one individual and placed on another individual of the same genetic constitution, e.g., grafts between identical twins.
In orthopaedic medicine, a bone graft can be sourced from a patient's own bone in order to fill space and produce an osteogenic response in a bone defect. However, due to the donor-site morbidity associated with autograft, other methods such as bone allograft and bone morphogenetic proteins and synthetic graft materials are often used as alternatives.
Allogeneic: The donor and recipient are of the same species (human→human, dog→dog; allograft). Xenogeneic: The donor and recipient are of different species (e.g., bovine cartilage; pig skin; xenograft or heterograft). Prosthetic: Lost tissue is replaced with synthetic materials such as metal, plastic, or ceramic (prosthetic implants). [4]