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The Phaistos Disc, or Phaistos Disk, is a disk of fired clay from the island of Crete, Greece, possibly from the middle or late Minoan Bronze Age (second millennium BC), bearing a text in an unknown script and language. Its purpose and its original place of manufacture remain disputed.
Phaistos Disc, side A Phaistos Disc, side B Hempl's translation of the opening lines of the disc, from Harper's Magazine [1]: p.196 Many people have claimed to have deciphered the Phaistos Disc. The claims may be categorized into linguistic decipherments, identifying the language of the inscription, and non-linguistic decipherments.
Type III: unknown writing and unknown language. Examples include the Archanes script and the Archanes formula, Phaistos disk, Cretan hieroglyphs, and Cypro-Minoan syllabary. When this situation occurs in an isolated culture and without the availability of outside information, decipherment is typically considered impossible.
Phaistos Disc, c. 2000 BC. Linear A, c. 1800 BC – 1450 BC, partially deciphered. Phonetic transcriptions can be read with some approximation. Scholars can understand some of the words, and get a general idea of the document's contents. [2] Cypro-Minoan syllabary, c. 1550 BC. Grakliani Hill script – Grakliani Hill, c. 11th – 10th century BC.
Phaistos (Greek: ΦαιστΟς, pronounced; Ancient Greek: ΦαιστΟς, pronounced [pΚ°aiΜ―stós], Linear B: πππ΅ Pa-i-to; Linear A: πππ Pa-i-to [1]), also transliterated as Phaestos, Festos and Latin Phaestus, is a Bronze Age archaeological site at modern Faistos, a municipality in south central Crete.
A symposium was convoked to discuss the Disc in autumn 2008. [4] Eisenberg argues that the disc can be dated by a thermoluminescence test, but in 2009 the Greek curators would not permit the disc to be examined. [3] The authenticity of the Phaistos disc is supported by multiple discoveries made after the disc was excavated in 1908.
c. 1700 BC: Median date for the building of the Phaistos Disc. Its purpose and meaning, and even its original geographical place of manufacture remains unknown, making it one of the most famous mysteries of archaeology.
seal fragment HM 992, showing a single symbol, identical to Phaistos Disk glyph 21. [8] The relation of the last two items with the script of the main corpus is uncertain; the Malia altar is listed as part of the Hieroglyphic corpus by most researchers. [9] Since the publication of the CHIC in 1996 refinements and changes have been proposed.