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A Martian meteorite is a rock that formed on Mars, was ejected from the planet by an impact event, and traversed interplanetary space before landing on Earth as a meteorite. As of September 2020 [update] , 277 meteorites had been classified as Martian, less than half a percent of the 72,000 meteorites that have been classified. [ 1 ]
The elemental composition of Mars is different from Earth's in several significant ways. First, Martian meteorite analysis suggests that the planet's mantle is about twice as rich in iron as the Earth's mantle. [6] [7] The planet's distinctive red color is due to iron oxides on its surface. Second, its core is richer in sulphur. [8]
Meteorite Found Mass (g) Notes Allan Hills 77005: 1977-12-29 482.5 First Antarctic find. Allan Hills 84001: 1984 1939.9 Orthopyroxenite, 4.091 billion years old, is believed to be the oldest Martian meteorite. Chassigny: 1815-10-03 4000 Mainly olivine with intercumulous pyroxene, feldspar, and oxides. Dar al Gani 476: 1996-2000 2015 Dar al Gani ...
Analyzing the chemical composition of the meteorite’s 4.45 billion-year-old zircon grain — a mineral that is typically only a few millimeters in size and formed in rocks that have been altered ...
Allan Hills 84001 (ALH84001 [1]) is a fragment of a Martian meteorite that was found in the Allan Hills in Antarctica on December 27, 1984, by a team of American meteorite hunters from the ANSMET project. Like other members of the shergottite–nakhlite–chassignite (SNC) group of meteorites, ALH84001 is thought to have originated on Mars ...
Nakhla meteorite's two halves, showing its inner surfaces after being broken in 1998. Nakhlites are a group of Martian meteorites, named after the first one, Nakhla meteorite. Nakhlites are igneous rocks that are rich in augite and were formed from basaltic magma about 1.3 billion years ago. They contain augite and olivine crystals.
This is, in part, why Martian meteorites are rare on Earth. [1] The meteorite is classified as a shergottite and is primarily basaltic in composition. EETA 79001 is the second largest Martian meteorite found on Earth, at approximately 7900 grams; only the Zagami meteorite is larger.
Yamato 000593 (or Y000593) is the second largest meteorite from Mars found on Earth. [2] [5] [6] Studies suggest the Martian meteorite was formed about 1.3 billion years ago from a lava flow on Mars. [7] An impact occurred on Mars about 11 million years ago [7] and ejected the meteorite from the Martian surface into space.