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In 1835, the German pharmacist Ludwig Clamor Marquart named a chemical compound that gives flowers a blue color, Anthokyan, in his treatise "Die Farben der Blüthen" (English: The Colors of Flowers). Food plants rich in anthocyanins include the blueberry, raspberry, black rice , and black soybean, among many others that are red, blue, purple ...
An anthotype (from Greek άνθος anthos "flower" and τύπος týpos "imprint", also called Nature Printing) is an image created using photosensitive material from plants under the influence of light (e.g. UV light, rays of sun). [1] An emulsion [2] [3] is made from crushed flower petals or any other light-sensitive plant, fruit or vegetable.
The light-harvesting complex (or antenna complex; LH or LHC) is an array of protein and chlorophyll molecules embedded in the thylakoid membrane of plants and cyanobacteria, which transfer light energy to one chlorophyll a molecule at the reaction center of a photosystem. The antenna pigments are predominantly chlorophyll b, xanthophylls, and ...
A germination rate experiment. Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. [1]Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed ...
These colors were the height of fashion especially in the late 1800s, when the industrial revolution made synthetic color pigments inexpensive and widely available for the first time. Bright shades of royal purple, mauve, and blue naturally became extremely popular and fashionable because these colors previously were only available to extremely ...
The primary function of pigments in plants is photosynthesis, which uses the green pigment chlorophyll and several colorful pigments that absorb as much light energy as possible. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Pigments are also known to play a role in pollination where pigment accumulation or loss can lead to floral color change , signaling to pollinators which ...
Floral color change may also be caused by an increase or decrease in pH causing a reddening/blueing of anthocyanins and co-pigments. Floral color change can be inducible or non-inducible. Some flowers will change color at the same rate regardless of pollinator visitation, while others can be induced by pollen deposition on the stigma.
Chlorophyll fluorescence can be used as a proxy of plant stress because environmental stresses, e.g. extremes of temperature, light and water availability, can reduce the ability of a plant to metabolise normally. This can mean an imbalance between the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll and the use of energy in photosynthesis. [11]