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  2. Polymer soil stabilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_soil_stabilization

    Synthetic polymers began replacing other chemical binders for soil stabilization in agriculture in the late 20th century. [1] Compared to traditional chemical binders, polymer soil additives can achieve the same amount of strengthening at much lower concentrations – for example, mixtures of 0.5-1% of various biopolymers have strength levels that match or exceed those of 10% cement mixtures ...

  3. Silicate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate

    The nature of soluble silicates is relevant to understanding biomineralization and the synthesis of aluminosilicates, such as the industrially important catalysts called zeolites. [7] Along with aluminate anions, soluble silicate anions also play a major role in the polymerization mechanism of geopolymers.

  4. Geopolymer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopolymer

    In the 1950s, Viktor Glukhovsky developed concrete materials originally known as "soil silicate concretes" and "soil cements", [5] but since the introduction of the geopolymer concept by Joseph Davidovits, the terminology and definitions of the word geopolymer have become more diverse and often conflicting.

  5. Polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerization

    In polymer chemistry, polymerization (American English), or polymerisation (British English), is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks. [1] [2] [3] There are many forms of polymerization [4] and different systems exist to categorize them. IUPAC definition for ...

  6. Siliceous soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliceous_soil

    Siliceous soils are formed from rocks that have silica (SiO 2) as a principal constituent.The parent material of siliceous soils may include quartz sands, chert, quartzite, quartz reefs, granite, rhyolite, ademellite, dellenite, quartz sandstone, quartz siltstone, siliceous tuff, among others. [1]

  7. Colloidal silica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloidal_silica

    The subunits of colloidal silica particles are typically in the range of 1 to 5 nm. Whether or not these subunits are joined depends on the conditions of polymerization. Initial acidification of a water-glass (sodium silicate) solution yields Si(OH) 4. If the pH is reduced below 7 or if salt is added, then the units tend to fuse together in chains.

  8. Polymer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

    Step-growth polymerization can be divided into polycondensation, in which low-molar-mass by-product is formed in every reaction step, and polyaddition. Example of chain polymerization: Radical polymerization of styrene, R. is initiating radical, P. is another polymer chain radical terminating the formed chain by radical recombination.

  9. Polymer chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_chemistry

    The simple reactive molecule from which the repeating structural units of a polymer are derived is called a monomer. A polymer can be described in many ways: its degree of polymerisation , molar mass distribution , tacticity , copolymer distribution, the degree of branching , by its end-groups , crosslinks , crystallinity and thermal properties ...