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According to the Book of Jubilees, Mastema ("hostility") is the chief of the Nephilim, the demons engendered by the fallen angels called Watchers with human women.. Although leading a group of demons, the text implies that he is an angel working for God instead, as he does not fear imprisonment along with the Nephilim.
Among them, the angels are created from the light of fire, the jinn from a blaze of fire, and the devils from the smoke of fire. Satan is counted among these animals. They inhabited the earth before mankind. [41] The German orientalist Almut Wieland-Karimi classified the Jinn in the ten most common categories mentioned in folklore literature: [42]
In the Life of Adam and Eve, Satan was cast out of heaven for his refusal to prostrate himself before man, likely the most common explanation for Satan's fall in Proto-orthodox Christianity. [ 133 ] Christianity, however, depicted the fall of angels as an event prior to the creation of humans.
[119] [120] They instead believe that Hell is not a place of eternal suffering, but of eternal death and that death is a state of unconscious sleep until the resurrection. They base this belief on biblical texts such as Ecclesiastes 9:5 which states "the dead know nothing", and 1 Thessalonians 4:13 which contains a description of the dead being ...
The rabbis usually interpreted the word satan lacking the article ha-as it is used in the Tanakh as referring strictly to human adversaries. [56] Nonetheless, the word satan has occasionally been metaphorically applied to evil influences, [57] such as the Jewish exegesis of the yetzer hara ("evil inclination") mentioned in Genesis 6:5.
Through you the all-evil spirit [is] a liar, and through you (are) wrath and trials on the generations of men who live impiously." – Apocalypse of Abraham 13:4–9. The Apocalypse of Abraham also associates Azazel with Hell. Abraham says to him, "May you be the firebrand of the furnace of the earth! Go, Azazel, into the untrodden parts of the ...
Satan is seen not only as an important deity but a powerful and sentient being responsible for the creation of humanity. [271] [269] Satan is also revered by JoS as "the true father and creator God of humanity", [272] the bringer of knowledge, and whose desire is for his creations, humans, to elevate themselves through knowledge and understanding.
The Old Testament indicates that Enoch and Elijah were assumed into heaven while still alive and not experiencing physical death. There is also an idea that Moses was assumed bodily into Heaven after his death; this is based on the Epistle of Saint Jude, where Saint Michael the Archangel contends with Satan over the body of Moses.