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The psoas sign, also known as Cope's sign (or Cope's psoas test [1]) or Obraztsova's sign, [2] is a medical sign that indicates irritation to the iliopsoas group of hip flexors in the abdomen, and consequently indicates that the inflamed appendix is retrocaecal in orientation (as the iliopsoas muscle is retroperitoneal).
Sometimes, with a very flexible patient, the Thomas test will be normal despite a psoas dysfunction being present. However, in the patient with a normal hip joint, a positive test is a good indicator of psoas hypertonicity. [2] Other signs from the Thomas test: opposite/ contralateral hip flexes without knee extension- tight iliopsoas
Psoas abscess is a collection of pus in the iliopsoas muscle compartment. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can be classified into primary psoas abscess (caused by hematogenous or lymphatic spread of a pathogen ) and secondary psoas abscess (resulting from contiguous spread from an adjacent infectious focus).
Tension myositis syndrome (TMS), also known as tension myoneural syndrome or mindbody syndrome, is a name given by John E. Sarno to what he claimed was a condition of psychogenic musculoskeletal and nerve symptoms, most notably back pain.
Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke. [3] [12] It is a type of supraventricular tachycardia. [14] Atrial fibrillation frequently results from bursts of tachycardia that originate in muscle bundles extending from the atrium to the pulmonary veins. [15]
Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS) is an illness characterized by notable pain intensity without an identifiable physical cause. [ 1 ] [ 6 ] Characteristic symptoms include skin sensitivity to light touch, also known as allodynia .
Functional abdominal pain syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. [4] Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGD) are common medical conditions characterized by recurrent and persistent gastrointestinal symptoms caused by improper functioning of the enteric system in the absence of any identifiable organic or structural pathology, such as ulcers, inflammation, tumors or masses.
Takotsubo syndrome represents about 2% of all patients (and 5–6% of all female patients) who are initially diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). [6] [69] It accounts for 0.02% of all hospitalizations in the US. [6] About 90% of TTS patients are women, [6] [69] whose mean age is about 68 years, and 80% of whom are older than 50 years. [6]