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(2007), made for the United Nations, a documentary about land rights disputes in Finnish Lapland [210] The Sami (Saamelainen) (2007), a Mushkeg Media documentary about the state of aboriginal languages [211] Wolf (2008), an examination of how the traditions of the Sámi villagers in northern Sweden are confronted with modern-day society [212]
There are some differences between the Scandinavian Siidas and the North American Sami Siida. The Scandinavian Sami siida system covers a whole range of Sami culture and economic interests, such as pastoral rights for reindeer herding, geography, and varied economic agreements, and describes a legal definition of varying degrees within each of the Scandinavian countries.
Sámi reindeer herders of the Lapland-Yukon Relief Expedition, 1898, Seattle. The government was once again forced to find new forms of food in Alaska, after the discovery of gold and the Klondike Gold Rush brought more people to the region than the already strained and sparse infrastructure could sustain. [ 2 ]
Reindeer and other animals play a central part in Sami culture, though today reindeer husbandry is of dwindling economic relevance for the Sámi people. There is currently (2004) no clear indication when reindeer-raising started, perhaps about 500 AD, but tax tributes were raised in the 16th century.
Duodji is a traditional Sami handicraft, dating back to a time when the Sami were far more isolated from the outside world than they are today. [1] [2] [3] Duodji tools, clothing, and accessories are intended to primarily be functional, [4] [5] but may also incorporate artistic elements. [6]
Forest Sami settlement at Spänningsvallen between Järfojaur and Seudnur, designated since 1971 as the Arvidsjaur Municipality. 1873 woodcut based on a photograph.. The forest Sámi (Swedish: Skogssamer) are Sámi people who lived in the woods and who, unlike the reindeer-herding Sámi people (the "fell Sámi"), did not move up into the fells during the summer season.
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However, reindeer herding has a more prominent economic role in the local communities of the north. Siida s are governed like stock companies, where the reindeer-holders elect a board of directors and a chief executive officer ( poroisäntä , 'reindeer master') every three years, voting with as many votes as they have reindeer.