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Saint Margaret (January 27, 1242 – January 18, 1271), a daughter of Béla IV and Maria Laskarina, was born in Klis Fortress during the Mongol invasion of Hungary-Croatia in 1242. [34] Historians estimate that up to half of Hungary's two million population at that time were killed during the Mongol invasion of Europe. [35]
The Battle of Legnica took place during the first Mongol invasion of Poland. The Mongol invasion in the 13th century led to construction of mighty stone castles, such as Spiš Castle in Slovakia. The Mongols invaded and destroyed Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus', before invading Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and other territories.
The Mongol invasion of Central Asia however would entail the utter destruction of the Khwarezmid Empire along with the massacre of much of the civilian population of the region. According to Juvaini, the Mongols ordered only one round of slaughter in Khwarezm and Transoxiana, but systematically exterminated a particularly large portion of the ...
1241–1242: Mongol invasion of Moldavia and Wallachia [citation needed] 1241–1242: Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia; 1242–1243: Mongol invasion of the Latin Empire; 1264/1265: Mongol invasion of Byzantine Thrace; 1271, 1274, 1282 and 1285: Raids against Bulgaria. [citation needed] 1291: Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde.
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history. [4] Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, extending northward into parts of the Arctic; [5] eastward and southward into parts of the Indian subcontinent, mounted invasions of Southeast Asia, and ...
During the invasion of Transoxania in 1219, Genghis Khan used a Chinese catapult unit in battle, and they were used again in 1220 in Transoxania. The Chinese may have used the catapults to hurl gunpowder bombs, since they already had them by this time. In the 1239-1240 Mongol invasion of the North Caucasus, Chinese weapons were once again used. [7]
During the 13th and 14th centuries, the Mongols launched massive invasions of the territory of Circassia and Alania. [1] William of Rubruck , who travelled to the Caucasus in 1253, [ 2 ] wrote that the Circassians had never "bowed to Mongol rule", despite the fact that a whole fifth of the Mongol armies were at that time devoted to the task of ...
In the 13th century, the Mongol Empire launched several military expeditions in the region of Siberia as part of its invasions and conquests.The first campaigns in North Asia involved the rise of Genghis Khan in the first decade of the 13th century and the early territorial expansion of his empire into South Central and southern Western Siberia.