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Treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) relies on identifying and treating the underlying disorder which may cure the person from the EDS. Drugs like modafinil, [22] armodafinil, [23] pitolisant [24] (Wakix), sodium oxybate (Xyrem) oral solution, have been approved as treatment for EDS symptoms in the United States.
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a neurological disorder which is characterized primarily by excessive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). [1] Idiopathic hypersomnia was first described by Bedrich Roth in 1976, and it can be divided into two forms: polysymptomatic and monosymptomatic.
The main symptom of hypersomnia is excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), or prolonged nighttime sleep, [7] which has occurred for at least 3 months prior to diagnosis. [8]Sleep drunkenness is also a symptom found in hypersomniac patients.
This article was reviewed by Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD. Overview. You’re tossing and turning, counting sheep for what seems like forever, and still, sleep won’t come.
In individuals deprived of sleep, somnolence may spontaneously dissipate for short periods of time; this phenomenon is the second wind, and results from the normal cycling of the circadian rhythm interfering with the processes the body carries out to prepare itself to rest. The word "somnolence" is derived from the Latin "somnus" meaning "sleep".
The most common sleep-related symptom of bipolar disorder is insomnia, in addition to hypersomnia, nightmares, poor sleep quality, OSA, extreme daytime sleepiness, etc. [27] Moreover, animal models have shown that sleep debt can induce episodes of bipolar mania in laboratory mice, but these models are still limited in their potential to explain ...
These movements can lead the patient to wake up, and if so, sleep interruption can be the origin of excessive daytime sleepiness. [ 2 ] PLMD is characterized by increased periodic limb movements during sleep, which must coexist with a sleep disturbance or other functional impairment, in an explicit cause-effect relationship.
Pharmacological treatments are used to chemically treat sleep disturbances such as insomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness. The kinds of drugs used to treat sleep disorders include: anticonvulsants , anti-narcoleptics , anti-Parkinsonian drugs, benzodiazepines , non-benzodiazepine hypnotics , and opiates as well as the hormone melatonin and ...