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A common example of a solidary obligation created thorough operation of law is vicarious liability such as respondeat superior. Solidarity can be either active or passive. A solidary obligation that is active exists among the obligees (creditors) in the transaction. It is passive when it exists among the obligors (debtors) in a transaction.
If parties have joint liability, each of them is liable up to the full amount of the relevant obligation. Example: Alex and Bobbie are married. Together they take a loan from a bank and the loan agreement specifies that they are to be jointly liable for the full amount. Alex moves overseas and ceases to make payments.
In Napoleon's code, solidarity meant the joint liability of debtors towards a common creditor and was not a primary legal principle. [ 11 ] Conservatism , following the French Revolution , introduced the concept of "solidarity", which was detached from the legal system , as a reaction against rapid social change and as a longing for a stable ...
In law, liable means "responsible or answerable in law; legally obligated". [1] Legal liability concerns both civil law and criminal law and can arise from various areas of law, such as contracts, torts, taxes, or fines given by government agencies. The claimant is the one who seeks to establish, or prove, liability.
Collective responsibility or collective guilt, is the responsibility of organizations, groups and societies. [1] [2] Collective responsibility in the form of collective punishment is often used as a disciplinary measure in closed institutions, e.g., boarding schools (punishing a whole class for the actions of one known or unknown pupil), military units, prisons (juvenile and adult ...
Statutory Liability is a legal term indicating the liability of a party who may be held responsible for any action or omission due to a related law that is not open to interpretation. [ 1 ] Although the term is a generic one and can apply to almost any field, it is typically used in finance as a reference in cases such as real estate ...
Katie Couric — the former host of "Today" and "CBS Evening News" — called for an escalation of enforcement against misinformation superspreaders that should hold them legally responsible for ...
Synonym list in cuneiform on a clay tablet, Neo-Assyrian period [1] A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. [2] For example, in the English language, the words begin, start, commence, and initiate are all synonyms of one another: they are ...