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The value shall start at 1 and increment for every short message which makes up the concatenated short message. If the value is zero or greater than the value in Field 5 then the receiving entity shall ignore the whole information element. [ETSI Specification: GSM 03.40 Version 5.3.0: July 1996] Example of the UDH for an sms split into two parts:
User Data Header (UDH) is a binary structure which may be present at the start of a short message in the Short Message Service in GSM.It does not contain any text, but it specifies how the message should be formatted and processed.
Voice short codes enable UK mobile phone users to dial a 5-digit short code (usually beginning 6, 7 or 8 - e.g. 61500) as an alternative to a standard geographic (e.g. 01 or 02 prefix) or non-geographic (e.g. 03, 08 or 09 prefix) long number.
Short codes, or short numbers, are short digit-sequences—significantly shorter than telephone numbers—that are used to address messages in the Multimedia Messaging System (MMS) and short message service (SMS) systems of mobile network operators. [1] In addition to messaging, they may be used in abbreviated dialing.
The Short Message protocol itself is defined by 3GPP TS 23.040 for the Short Message Service - Point to Point (SMS-PP), [2] and 3GPP TS 23.041 for the Cell Broadcast Service (CBS). [3] Four MAP procedures are defined for the control of the Short Message Service: [1] Mobile Originated (MO) short message service transfer;
So, for example, the 140-octet envelope of an SMS, [3] with no other language indicator but only the standard class prefix, can transport up to (140*8)/7=160, that is 160 GSM 7-bit characters (but note that the ESC code counts for one of them, if characters in the high part of the table are used).
Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), sometimes referred to as "quick codes" or "feature codes", is a communications protocol used by GSM cellular telephones to communicate with the mobile network operator's computers.
Messages (formerly Text) is a text messaging software application developed by Apple Inc. for its macOS, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, and visionOS operating systems.. All version of Messages support Apple's own iMessage service, while the mobile version of Messages on iOS – used on iPhone and cellular-enabled models of the iPad – also supports SMS, MMS, and RCS in iOS 18. [1]