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An IP tunnel is an Internet Protocol (IP) network communications channel between two networks. It is used to transport another network protocol by encapsulation of its packets . IP tunnels are often used for connecting two disjoint IP networks that don't have a native routing path to each other, via an underlying routable protocol across an ...
IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) using an IPsec profile, which is associated with a virtual tunnel interface in IOS software. All traffic sent via the tunnel is encrypted per the policy configured (IPsec transform set) Internal routing
Usage of IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) in Tunnel and Transport modes The IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) [ 22 ] was developed at the Naval Research Laboratory starting in 1992 as part of a DARPA -sponsored research project, and was openly published by IETF SIPP [ 23 ] Working Group drafted in December 1993 as a security ...
In computer networks, a tunneling protocol is a communication protocol which allows for the movement of data from one network to another. They can, for example, allow private network communications to be sent across a public network (such as the Internet), or for one network protocol to be carried over an incompatible network, through a process called encapsulation.
The combination of these two protocols is generally known as L2TP/IPsec (discussed below). The two endpoints of an L2TP tunnel are called the L2TP access concentrator (LAC) and the L2TP network server (LNS). The LNS waits for new tunnels. Once a tunnel is established, the network traffic between the peers is bidirectional.
Virtual private network (VPN) is a network architecture for virtually extending a private network (i.e. any computer network which is not the public Internet) across one or multiple other networks which are either untrusted (as they are not controlled by the entity aiming to implement the VPN) or need to be isolated (thus making the lower network invisible or not directly usable).
In conjunction with IPsec VPNs to allow passing of routing information between connected networks. In mobility management protocols. In A8/A10 interfaces to encapsulate IP data to/from Packet Control Function (PCF). Linux and BSD can establish ad-hoc IP over GRE tunnels which are interoperable with Cisco equipment.
A HAIPE is an IP encryption device, looking up the destination IP address of a packet in its internal Security Association Database (SAD) and picking the encrypted tunnel based on the appropriate entry. For new communications, HAIPEs use the internal Security Policy Database (SPD) to set up new tunnels with the appropriate algorithms and settings.