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FLAG is a chemotherapy regimen used for relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [1] The acronym incorporates the three primary ingredients of the regimen: . Fludarabine: an antimetabolite that, while not active toward AML, increases formation of an active cytarabine metabolite, ara-CTP, in AML cells;
Cytarabine, also known as cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), is a chemotherapy medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. [2] It is given by injection into a vein, under the skin, or into the cerebrospinal fluid. [2]
Acute myeloid leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia: DAT: daunorubicin, cytarabine (ara-C), tioguanine: Acute myeloid leukemia: DCEP dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, platinum agent: relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma DHAP: dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas ...
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AMML can be treated depending on the degree of disease, age of patient, and current patient's health status. Treatment consists of a multi-drug chemotherapy regimen. [11] Chemotherapy drugs often used to treat AML are cytarabine and an anthracycline drug. Chemotherapy is broken down into 2 phases:
Venetoclax is also indicated as part of a combination therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [7] For this purpose it is used with azacitidine, decitabine, or low-dose cytarabine for newly diagnosed adults who are age 75 years or older, or those with other health problems where intensive chemotherapy cannot be used.
ADE is a chemotherapy regimen most often used as an induction or consolidation regimen in acute myelogenous leukemia, especially in poor-risk patients or those refractory to the standard first-line induction with standard "7+3" regimen or who are relapsed after the standard chemotherapy. ADE regimen consists of three drugs:
Quizartinib is indicated, in combination with standard cytarabine and anthracycline induction and cytarabine consolidation, and as maintenance monotherapy following consolidation chemotherapy, for the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia with FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD)-positive. [2] [3]