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A curve connecting the tangency points is called the expansion path because it shows how the input usages expand as the chosen level of output expands. In economics , an expansion path (also called a scale line [ 1 ] ) is a path connecting optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. [ 2 ]
In economics and particularly in consumer choice theory, the income-consumption curve (also called income expansion path and income offer curve) is a curve in a graph in which the quantities of two goods are plotted on the two axes; the curve is the locus of points showing the consumption bundles chosen at each of various levels of income.
An example of the type of utility function that has an indifference map like that above is the Leontief function: (,) = {,}. The different shapes of the curves imply different responses to a change in price as shown from demand analysis in consumer theory. The results will only be stated here.
Example for a trait under positive selection. The Price equation shows that a change in the average amount of a trait in a population from one generation to the next is determined by the covariance between the amounts of the trait for subpopulation and the fitnesses of the subpopulations, together with the expected change in the amount of the trait value due to fitness, namely ():
Economic expansion and contraction refer to the overall output of all goods and services, while the terms "inflation" and "deflation" refer to rising and falling prices of commodities, goods and services in relation to the value of money. [4] From a microeconomic standpoint, expansion usually means enlarging the scale of a single company or ...
For example, a company that owns a supermarket chain benefits from an economy of growth if, opening a new supermarket, it gets an increase in the price of the land it owns around the new supermarket. The sale of these lands to economic operators, who wish to open shops near the supermarket, allows the company in question to make a profit ...
In this example of a traditional IS–LM chart, the IS curve moves to the right, causing higher interest rates (i) and expansion in the "real" economy (real GDP, or Y). The IS–LM model, invented by John Hicks in 1936, gives the underpinnings of aggregate demand (itself discussed below). It answers the question "At any given price level, what ...
The cost-minimization problem of the firm is to choose an input bundle (K,L) feasible for the output level y that costs as little as possible.A cost-minimizing input bundle is a point on the isoquant for the given y that is on the lowest possible isocost line.