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The details differ between C (where only objects and functions - but not types - have linkage) and C++ and between this simplified overview. Linkage between languages must be done with some care, as different languages adorn their external symbols differently. A common idiom uses extern "C" to link C++ and C code.
C++, however, requires that if a function with external linkage is declared inline in any translation unit then it must be so declared (and therefore also defined) in every translation unit where it is used, and that all the definitions of that function be identical, following the ODR. Static inline functions behave identically in C and C++.
Static libraries can be easily created in C or in C++. These two languages provide storage-class specifiers for indicating external or internal linkage, in addition to providing other features. To create such a library, the exported functions/procedures and other objects variables must be specified for external linkage (i.e. by not using the C ...
In C, scope is traditionally known as linkage or visibility, particularly for variables. C is a lexically scoped language with global scope (known as external linkage), a form of module scope or file scope (known as internal linkage), and local scope (within a function); within a function scopes can further be nested via block scope. However ...
Translation units define a scope, roughly file scope, and functioning similarly to module scope; in C terminology this is referred to as internal linkage, which is one of the two forms of linkage in C. Names (functions and variables) declared outside of a function block may be visible either only within a given translation unit, in which case they are said to have internal linkage – they are ...
This is necessary due to the C/C++ separate compilation + linkage model, specifically because the definition (body) of the function must be duplicated in all translation units where it is used, to allow inlining during compiling, which, if the function has external linkage, causes a collision during linking (it violates uniqueness of external ...
Weak symbols are not mentioned by the C or C++ language standards; as such, inserting them into code is not very portable. Even if two platforms support the same or similar syntax for marking symbols as weak, the semantics may differ in subtle points, e.g. whether weak symbols during dynamic linking at runtime lose their semantics or not. [1]
An illustration of the linking process. Object files and static libraries are assembled into a new library or executable. A linker or link editor is a computer program that combines intermediate software build files such as object and library files into a single executable file such a program or library.