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Symptoms are often unreliable, but include severe tearing chest pain; cough; dyspnea (shortness of breath); dysphagia (difficulty swallowing); back pain; and hoarseness. Blood pressure is usually high in the upper body, but low in the lower body. A widened mediastinum and a massive left hemothorax are often found in an X-ray.
Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) describes a range of severe, painful, potentially life-threatening abnormalities of the aorta. [1] These include aortic dissection, intramural thrombus, and penetrating atherosclerotic aortic ulcer. [2] AAS can be caused by a lesion on the wall of the aorta that involves the tunica media, often in the descending ...
However some symptoms do include severe chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, difficulty swallowing due to compression of the esophagus, back pain, and hoarseness due to involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. [4] There might be external signs such as bruising on the anterior chest wall due to a traumatic injury. [9]
Chest trauma leading to aortic dissection can be divided into two groups based on cause: blunt chest trauma (commonly seen in car accidents) and iatrogenic. Iatrogenic causes include trauma during cardiac catheterization or due to an intra-aortic balloon pump. [citation needed] Aortic dissection may be a late sequela of heart surgery. About 18% ...
Canine subvalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) is an abnormal, congenital heart murmur caused by subaortic stenosis (SAS). This genetic trait is polygenic , and in some cases asymptomatic. An animal with SAS may offspring and show no symptoms of the stenosis until multiple generations which is why it is advised not to breed an animal diagnosed with SAS.
Loeys–Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an autosomal dominant genetic connective tissue disorder. It has features similar to Marfan syndrome and Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. [3] [4] [5] The disorder is marked by aneurysms in the aorta, often in children, and the aorta may also undergo sudden dissection in the weakened layers of the wall of the aorta.
Arterial dissections become life-threatening when growth of the false lumen prevents perfusion of the true lumen and the related end organs. For example, in an aortic dissection, if the left subclavian artery orifice were distal to the origin of the dissection, then the left subclavian would be said to be perfused by the false lumen, while the left common carotid (and its end organ, the left ...
Symptoms are often neurological or circulatory. [5] Symptoms include dyspnea, respiratory distress, heart failure, atrial tachycardia, [6] pain, cardiac tamponade, [7] palpitations, and malaise. [8] Aortic valve regurgitation is found in about 77% of all patients. [9]