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Sodium thiosulfate (sodium thiosulphate) is an inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·(H 2 O) x. Typically it is available as the white or colorless pentahydrate (x = 5), which is a white solid that dissolves well in water. The compound is a reducing agent and a ligand, and these properties underpin its applications. [2]
Thiosulfate is an acceptable common name and used almost always. The functional replacement IUPAC name is sulfurothioate; the systematic additive IUPAC name is trioxidosulfidosulfate(2−) or trioxido-1κ 3 O-disulfate(S—S)(2−). [1] Thiosulfate also refers to the esters of thiosulfuric acid, e.g. O,S-dimethyl thiosulfate CH 3 −O−S(=O) 2 ...
Sodium thiosulfate is a classical antidote to cyanide poisoning, [10] For this purpose it is used after the medication sodium nitrite and typically only recommended for severe cases. [4] [6] It is given by injection into a vein. [4] In this use, sodium nitrite creates methemoglobinemia which removes cyanide from mitochondria. [6]
This clock reaction uses sodium, potassium or ammonium persulfate to oxidize iodide ions to iodine. Sodium thiosulfate is used to reduce iodine back to iodide before the iodine can complex with the starch to form the characteristic blue-black color. Iodine is generated: 2 I − + S 2 O 2− 8 → I 2 + 2 SO 2− 4. And is then removed:
Sodium thiosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate have been proposed as alternative lixiviants to cyanide for extraction of gold from ores [8] and printed circuit boards. [9] The complex [Au(S 2 O 3) 2] 3-is assumed to be the principal product in such extractions. Presently cyanide salts are used on a large scale for that purpose with obvious risks. [8]
Potassium thiosulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula K 2 S 2 O 3. This salt can form multiple hydrates, such as the monohydrate, dihydrate, and the pentahydrate, all of which are white or colorless solids. [ 1 ]
The thiosulfate anion (S 2 O 2− 3) Sodium thiosulfate, a salt containing the thiosulfate anion; S 2 O 2− 2, a reported sulfur oxyanion. However salts containing S 2 O 2− 2 and HS 2 O − 2 are not well characterized; they would be conjugate bases derived from the parent thiosulfurous acid (H 2 S 2 O 2), which is also of doubtful existence ...
Sodium nitrite/sodium thiosulfate, sold under the brand name Nithiodote, is a fixed-dose combination medication used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning. [1] It contains sodium thiosulfate and sodium nitrite. [1] It is given by intravenous infusion into a vein. [1] It was approved for medical use in the United States in January 2011. [2]