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Tamperproofing is a methodology used to hinder, deter or detect unauthorised access to a device or circumvention of a security system. Since any device or system can be foiled by a person with sufficient knowledge, equipment, and time, the term "tamperproof" is a misnomer unless some limitations on the tampering party's resources is explicit or assumed.
For example, Windows 3.x and 9x operating systems were not built with a reference monitor, whereas the Windows NT line, which also includes Windows 2000 and Windows XP, was designed to contain a reference monitor, [1] although it is not clear that its properties (tamperproof, etc.) have ever been independently verified, or what level of ...
Windows 11 is the latest major release of the Windows NT operating system and the successor of Windows 10. Some features of the operating system were removed in comparison to Windows 10, and further changes in older features have occurred within subsequent feature updates to Windows 11. Following is a list of these.
As of November 2024, Windows 11, accounting for 35% of Windows installations worldwide, [181] is the second most popular Windows version in use, with its predecessor Windows 10 still being the most used version in virtually all countries (with Guyana being an exception, where Windows 11 is the most used [182]), having over 2 times the market ...
An HSM in PCIe format. A hardware security module (HSM) is a physical computing device that safeguards and manages secrets (most importantly digital keys), and performs encryption and decryption functions for digital signatures, strong authentication and other cryptographic functions. [1]
FIPS 140-1, issued on 11 January 1994 and withdrawn on May 25, 2002, [5] was developed by a government and industry working group, composed of vendors and users of cryptographic equipment. The group identified the four "security levels" and eleven "requirement areas" listed above, and specified requirements for each area at each level.
Security Level 2 improves upon the physical security mechanisms of a Security Level 1 cryptographic module by requiring features that show evidence of tampering, including tamper-evident coatings or seals that must be broken to attain physical access to the plaintext cryptographic keys and critical security parameters (CSPs) within the module ...
Tamper-resistant GFCI duplex receptacle type 5-20RA, which can take 5-15 and 5-20 grounding plugs and 1-15 non-grounding plugs These versions of the 5-15R or 5-20R receptacle are residual-current devices , and have "Test" and "Reset" buttons (and sometimes an indicator light which may be normally on or normally off per the vendor's design).