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Robert DeLaurentis, 10 August 2020, the first pilot and aircraft (Turbine Commander 900 "Citizen of the World" N29GA) to successfully circumnavigate and use biofuels over the North and South poles. Initial departure from Gillespie Field, El Cahon, CA, was 17 November 2019, completed 10 August 2020 with a five-month delay due to Pandemic.
The Transglobe Expedition (1979–1982) was the first expedition to make a longitudinal (north–south) circumnavigation of the Earth using only surface transport. British adventurer Sir Ranulph Fiennes led a team, including Oliver Shepard and Charles R. Burton, that attempted to follow the Greenwich meridian over both land and water.
In 1997, a Grumman Albatross (N44RD), piloted by Reid Dennis and Andy Macfie, became the first Albatross to circumnavigate the globe. The 26,347 nmi flight around the world lasted 73 days, included 38 stops in 21 countries, and was completed with 190 hours of flight time. [16] In 2013 Reid Dennis donated N44RD to the Hiller Aviation Museum. [17]
During July 9–11, 2019, One More Orbit shattered the Round-the-World record for any aircraft by navigating over both the North and South poles. [7] They completed the fastest Circumnavigation of the Earth via both the Poles in just 46 hours and 40 minutes, cruising at an average speed of 465 knots (535 mph or 861 km/h).
A person walking completely around either pole will cross all meridians, but this is not generally considered a "circumnavigation".The path of a true (global) circumnavigation forms a continuous loop on the surface of Earth separating two regions of comparable area.
This maneuver allows the bird to cover almost 1,000 km/d (620 mi/d) without flapping its wings. Slope soaring uses the rising air on the windward side of large waves. Albatross have high glide ratios, around 22:1 to 23:1, meaning that for every metre they drop, they can travel forward twenty-two metres. [7]
The world’s oldest known wild bird has sparked “special joy” among scientists after she laid an egg – her first in four years – at the age of 74. Wisdom the albatross is 74 years old.
The South Pole is at an altitude of 9,200 feet (2,800 m) but feels like 11,000 feet (3,400 m). [34] Centripetal force from the spin of the planet throws the atmosphere toward the equator. The South Pole is colder than the North Pole primarily because of the elevation difference and for being in the middle of a continent. [35]