Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Ordinary concentric braced frames (OCBFs) do not have extensive requirements regarding members or connections, and are frequently used in areas of low seismic risk. OCBF steel frame buildings originated in Chicago and reinforced concrete frames originated in Germany and France – areas where earthquakes were not an engineering consideration. [1]
Buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) is a structural steel frame that provides lateral resistance to buckling, particularly during seismic activity. [1] The BRBF is typically a special case of a concentrically braced frame. Tests have demonstrated BRBF systems are highly effective for energy dissipation, while being vulnerable to large ...
A buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is a structural brace in a building, designed to allow the building to withstand cyclical lateral loadings, typically earthquake-induced loading. It consists of a slender steel core, a concrete casing designed to continuously support the core and prevent buckling under axial compression , and an interface ...
The term 'seismic architecture' or 'earthquake architecture' was first introduced in 1985 by Robert Reitherman. [16] The phrase "earthquake architecture" is used to describe a degree of architectural expression of earthquake resistance or implication of architectural configuration, form or style in earthquake resistance.
Collectors, also known as drag members, transfer the diaphragm shear to shear walls and other vertical elements of the seismic-force-resisting system. Shear walls are typically made of light framed or braced wood sheathed in shear-resisting material such as plywood or other structurally rigid panels, reinforced concrete , reinforced masonry ...
Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofitting is well acknowledged.
Cross bracing between joists or rafters strengthens the members by preventing sideways deflection. This bracing is known by many names such as herringbone strutting, blocking, bridging, and dwanging. Cross bracing on a bridge tower. In construction, cross bracing is a system utilized to reinforce building structures in which diagonal supports ...
Seismic loading is one of the basic concepts of earthquake engineering which means application of an earthquake-generated agitation [1] to a structure. It happens at contact surfaces of a structure either with the ground, [ 2 ] or with adjacent structures, [ 3 ] or with gravity waves from tsunami .