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Methane clathrate (CH 4 ·5.75H 2 O) or (4CH 4 ·23H 2 O), also called methane hydrate, hydromethane, methane ice, fire ice, natural gas hydrate, or gas hydrate, is a solid clathrate compound (more specifically, a clathrate hydrate) in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.
[24] [25] [26] Other sources of methane include submarine taliks, river transport, ice complex retreat, submarine permafrost and decaying gas hydrate deposits. [27] Permafrost contains almost twice as much carbon as the atmosphere, [ 28 ] with ~20 Gt of permafrost-associated methane trapped in methane clathrates . [ 29 ]
Methane clathrate block embedded in the sediment of hydrate ridge, off Oregon, USA. Clathrate hydrates, or gas hydrates, clathrates, or hydrates, are crystalline water-based solids physically resembling ice, in which small non-polar molecules (typically gases) or polar molecules with large hydrophobic moieties are trapped inside "cages" of hydrogen bonded, frozen water molecules.
Layers of methane gas sit trapped below permafrost in Arctic regions, but if they’re released, it could spell trouble for the rest of the world.
In June 2017, scientists from the Center for Arctic Gas Hydrate (CAGE), Environment and Climate at the University of Tromsø, published a study describing over a hundred ocean sediment craters, some 300 meters wide and up to 30 meters deep, formed due to explosive eruptions, attributed to destabilizing methane hydrates, following ice-sheet ...
The gas trapped inside the clathrates is predominantly thermogenic methane that generated due to a thermal alteration of organic material. Given the chemical and carbon-isotope compositions of the organic matter, the organic material is predominantly composed of a variety of higher land plants with a terrestrial origin.
Trapped methane causes frozen bubbles to form under the ice on the lake's surface. This phenomenon results when decaying plants on the lake bed release methane gas, which creates bubbles that become trapped within the ice, in suspended animation, just below the surface as the lake begins to freeze. The visual effects formed by the resulting ...
The gas trapped inside the clathrates is predominantly biogenic and hints to a progressive decrease in microbial activity with depth and an additional upward migration throughout the sediment column. Based on these exploration results, the Japanese government initiated the 16-year methane hydrate R&D research program in 2001.