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For example, the Document Object Model (DOM) is a collection of objects that represent a page in a web browser, used by script programs to examine and dynamically change the page. There is a Microsoft Excel object model [1] for controlling Microsoft Excel from another program, and the ASCOM Telescope Driver is an object model for controlling an ...
The builder pattern is a design pattern that provides a flexible solution to various object creation problems in object-oriented programming.The builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.
In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. It is one of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns , which describe how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. [ 1 ]
C++ does not have the keyword super that a subclass can use in Java to invoke the superclass version of a method that it wants to override. Instead, the name of the parent or base class is used followed by the scope resolution operator. For example, the following code presents two classes, the base class Rectangle, and the derived class Box.
Java theory and practice: Fixing the Java Memory Model, part 1 - An article describing problems with the original Java memory model. Java theory and practice: Fixing the Java Memory Model, part 2 - Explains the changes JSR 133 made to the Java memory model. Java Memory Model Pragmatics (transcript) The Java Memory Model links; Java internal ...
The following example is in the language Java, and shows how the contents of a tree of nodes (in this case describing the components of a car) can be printed. Instead of creating print methods for each node subclass ( Wheel , Engine , Body , and Car ), one visitor class ( CarElementPrintVisitor ) performs the required printing action.
Smalltalk was one of many object-oriented programming languages based on Simula. [18] Smalltalk is also one of the most influential programming languages. [citation needed] Virtually all of the object-oriented languages that came after—Flavors, [19] CLOS, Objective-C, Java, Python, Ruby, [20] and many others—were influenced by Smalltalk.
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns.The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch.