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Ankylosaurus [nb 1] is a genus of armored dinosaur.Its fossils have been found in geological formations dating to the very end of the Cretaceous Period, about 68–66 million years ago, in western North America, making it among the last of the non-avian dinosaurs.
Skull of first known ankylosaurid specimen, belonging to Ankylosaurus. Barnum Brown and Peter Kaisen discovered the first ankylosaurid genus, Ankylosaurus, in 1906 in the Hell Creek Beds in Montana. [4] The fossil material they found was a portion of the skull, two teeth, some vertebrae, a distorted scapula, ribs and more than thirty osteoderms ...
The type and only species, Akainacephalus johnsoni, is known from the most complete ankylosaur specimen ever discovered from southern Laramidia, including a complete skull, tail club, a number of osteoderms, limb elements and part of its pelvis, among other remains.
Zuul is a genus of herbivorous ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Campanian Judith River Formation of Montana.The type species is Zuul crurivastator.It is known from a complete skull and tail, which represents the first ankylosaurin known from a complete skull and tail club, as well as the most complete ankylosaurid specimen thus far recovered from North America.
Tarchia was a medium-sized ankylosaur, measuring around 5.5–6 metres (18–20 ft) long and weighing up to 2.5–3 metric tons (2.8–3.3 short tons). [9] [10] If ZPAL MgD I/113 indeed belongs to the genus, it would have belonged to an individual measuring 5.8–6.7 metres (19–22 ft) long.
Artistic skeletal reconstruction of Ankylosaurus (AMNH 5895) by Barnum Brown, 1908, before the tail club was known Artistic restoration of Ankylosaurus magniventris. 1901. F. A. Lucas described the new species Stegosaurus marshi, and later reclassified it as Polacanthus marshi. [12] 1902
The skull of Talarurus measured about 30 centimetres (300 mm) in total length. [6] The holotype, PIN 557-91, is based only on a posterior skull roof, [3] [6] which features tubercle-like caputegulae (facial osteoderms or armor tiles) that resemble those of Nodocephalosaurus.
Thyreophora was defined as a clade by Paul Sereno in 1998, as "all genasaurs more closely related to Ankylosaurus than to Triceratops". Thyreophoroidea was first named by Nopcsa in 1928 and defined by Sereno in 1986, as "Scelidosaurus, Ankylosaurus, their most recent common ancestor and all of its descendants". [6]