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from Hindi and Urdu: An acknowledged leader in a field, from the Mughal rulers of India like Akbar and Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal. Maharaja from Hindi and Sanskrit: A great king. Mantra from Hindi and Sanskrit: a word or phrase used in meditation. Masala from Urdu, to refer to flavoured spices of Indian origin.
A shoemaker and his apprentice c. 1914 Electricians are often trained through apprenticeships. Apprenticeship is a system for training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading). Apprenticeships may also enable practitioners to gain a license ...
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The term is also used by an apprentice (shagird) for their teacher. In Persian and in the Arabic-speaking world , it also refers to a university professor . Ustad is only used for qualified Islamic scholars in Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , the Philippines , Singapore , Southern Thailand where it is a direct equivalent of terms such as shaykh ...
In Hindustani music (North Indian classical music), a gharānā is a system of social organisation in the Indian subcontinent, linking musicians or dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and more importantly by adherence to a particular musical style. The word gharana comes from the Hindi word 'ghar' which means 'house'.
The formal Hindi standard, from which much of the Persian, Arabic and English vocabulary has been replaced by neologisms compounding tatsam words, is called Śuddh Hindi (pure Hindi), and is viewed as a more prestigious dialect over other more colloquial forms of Hindi.
Traditionally, a Kshatriya would start learning the use of arms, while a Vaishya would start a trade apprenticeship. [ 4 ] The premise of the Dvija concept was that a person is born physically through his parents at home, spiritually through his teacher at school ( gurukul ) who helps the student form the mind and realize the self.
In the context of written language, Hinglish colloquially refers to Romanized Hindi — Hindustani written in English alphabet (that is, using Roman script instead of the traditional Devanagari or Nastaliq), often also mixed with English words or phrases.