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Diethylstilbestrol (DES), also known as stilbestrol or stilboestrol, is a nonsteroidal estrogen medication, which is presently rarely used. [5] [6] [7] In the past, it was widely used for a variety of indications, including pregnancy support for those with a history of recurrent miscarriage, hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms and estrogen deficiency, treatment of prostate cancer and ...
Fezolinetant, sold under the brand name Veozah among others, is a medication used for the treatment of hot flashes (vasomotor symptoms) due to menopause. [4] [10] It is a small-molecule, orally active, selective neurokinin-3 (NK 3) receptor antagonist which is under development by for the treatment of sex hormone-related disorders.
Tibolone, sold under the brand name Livial among others, is a medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and endometriosis. [1] [9] [10] [11] The medication is available alone and is not formulated or used in combination with other medications. [12] It is taken by mouth. [1]
Treatment is typically with a catheter either through the urethra or lower abdomen. [1] [3] Other treatments may include medication to decrease the size of the prostate, urethral dilation, a urethral stent, or surgery. [1] Males are more often affected than females. [1] In males over the age of 40 about 6 per 1,000 are affected a year. [1]
It was approved for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and was the first clinically available SERM to prevent both osteoporosis and breast cancer. [7] Ospemifene was approved on February 26, 2013, for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia , which is a symptom, due to menopause , of vulvar and vaginal atrophy .
Progestogens prevent the effects of estrogens on the endometrium. [91] As a result, they are able to completely block the increase in risk of endometrial hyperplasia caused by estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women, and are even able to decrease it below baseline (OR = 0.3 with continuous estrogen–progestogen therapy). [91]
Researchers are reporting that menopause hormone replacement therapy may not actually reduce the risk of heart disease. They add that calcium and vitamin D supplements as well as low-fat diets may ...
A number of medications exist to treat urinary incontinence including: fesoterodine, tolterodine and oxybutynin. [59] These medications work by relaxing smooth muscle in the bladder. [60] [61] [62] While some of these medications appear to have a small benefit, the risk of side effects are a concern. [59]