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A chloridometer is a measuring instrument used to determine the concentration of chloride ions (Cl –) in a solution.It uses a process known as coulometric titration or amperostatic coulometry, the accepted electrochemistry reference method to determine the concentration of chloride in biological fluids, including blood serum, blood plasma, urine, sweat, and cerebrospinal fluid.
Music therapy, an allied health profession, "is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program."
The Nordoff–Robbins approach to music therapy is a method developed to help children with psychological, physical, or developmental disabilities. [1] It originated from the 17-year collaboration of Paul Nordoff and Clive Robbins, [2] which began in 1958, [3] with early influences from Rudolph Steiner and anthroposophical philosophy and teachings. [4]
Audio therapy is the clinical use of recorded sound, music, or spoken words, or a combination thereof, recorded on a physical medium such as a compact disc (CD), or a digital file, including those formatted as MP3, which patients or participants play on a suitable device, and to which they listen with intent to experience a subsequent beneficial physiological, psychological, or social effect.
Beat induction is the process in which a regular isochronous pulse is activated while one listens to music (i.e., the beat to which one would tap one's foot). It was thought that the cognitive mechanism that allows us to infer a beat from a sound pattern, and to synchronize or dance to it, was uniquely human.
Music has the capability to be a very productive form of therapy mostly because it is stimulating, entertaining, and appears rewarding. Using fMRI, Menon and Levitin found for the first time that listening to music strongly modulates activity in a network of mesolimbic structures involved in reward processing.
Musical acoustics or music acoustics is a multidisciplinary field that combines knowledge from physics, [1] [2] [3] psychophysics, [4] organology [5] (classification of the instruments), physiology, [6] music theory, [7] ethnomusicology, [8] signal processing and instrument building, [9] among other disciplines.
Biomusicology is the study of music from a biological point of view. The term was coined by Nils L. Wallin in 1991 to encompass several branches of music psychology and musicology, including evolutionary musicology, neuromusicology, and comparative musicology.