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Correspondingly, Gestapo offices were established in a territory once occupied. [105] [e] Some locals aided the Gestapo, whether as professional police auxiliaries or in other duties. Nonetheless, operations performed either by German members of the Gestapo or auxiliaries from willing collaborators of other nationalities were inconsistent in ...
By August 1936, the Gestapo was standardized across the Reich, wherein all political police—of which there were seventeen different organs—were merged. [3] Command and control of the Ordnungspolizei (Orpo) was exerted through Hauptamt Ordnungspolizei , founded in 1936, under the successive leadership of Kurt Daluege [ 5 ] (1936–1943), who ...
Established in 1931, the SD was the first Nazi intelligence organization and the Gestapo (formed in 1933) was considered its sister organization through the integration of SS members and operational procedures. The SD was administered as an independent SS office between 1933 and 1939.
The Gestapo arrived shortly after the group was established and discovered the transmitter buried in the garden. [138] In December 1942 Robinson was arrested in Paris by the Sonderkommando Rote Kapelle. [139] Trepper and Gurevich, were arrested on 9 November 1942 in Marseilles [140]
Following this advice, the Gestapo and security police informed these captured Allied airmen that they were criminals and spies. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] Using this justification, 168 allied airmen from Great Britain, United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Jamaica were taken by train – in overcrowded cattle boxcars – from Fresnes Prison ...
The Gestapo was a political police agency with additional legally guaranteed powers of arrest. On 27 September 1939, shortly after the start of World War II , the SiPo and the Sicherheitsdienst (SD; SS security service) were folded into the Reich Security Main Office ( Reichssicherheitshauptamt or RSHA). [ 10 ]
Hitler became chancellor of Germany 10 years later in 1933, where one of the first orders of business was the formation of the Gestapo, the German secret police, under the leadership of his loyal ...
Most of the SiPo members were encouraged or volunteered to become members of the SS and many held a rank in both organisations. Nevertheless, in practice there was jurisdictional overlap and operational conflict between the SD and Gestapo. [9] The Kripo kept a level of independence since its structure was longer-established. [10]