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The Voice of America reported in April 2020 that "U.S. intelligence agencies concluded the Chinese hackers meddled in both the 2016 and 2018 elections" and said "there have already been signs that China-allied hackers have engaged in so-called "spear-phishing" attacks on American political targets" ahead of the 2020 United States elections.
Cyberspace Communications Specialists Section, No. 600 (City of London) Squadron (Royal Auxiliary Air Force) [161] Cyberspace Communications Specialists Section, No. 614 (County of Glamorgan) Squadron ( Royal Auxiliary Air Force ) [ 162 ]
The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC; 国家互联网信息办公室) is the national internet regulator and censor of the People's Republic of China. The agency was initially established in 2011 by the State Council as the State Internet Information Office (SIIO), a subgroup of the State Council Information Office (SCIO).
The government of the People's Republic of China is engaged in espionage overseas, directed through diverse methods via the Ministry of State Security (MSS), the Ministry of Public Security (MPS), the United Front Work Department (UFWD), People's Liberation Army (PLA) via its Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, and numerous front organizations and state-owned enterprises.
The United States Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) defines China's "informatized warfare" as similar to U.S. military's concept of net-centric capability, which means the military's capability to use advanced information technology and communications systems to gain operational advantage over an adversary. [5]
In March 2018, the leading group was transformed into a commission, called the Central Cybersecurity and Informatization Commission, also called the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (CCAC). [7] According to the South China Morning Post , Cai Qi succeeded Xi as the head of the commission in early 2023.
Capability of the People's Republic of China to Conduct Cyber Warfare and Computer Network Exploitation (PDF). McLean, VA: Northrop Grumman/United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission. ISBN 978-1-4379-4285-9. Mulvenon, James (2009). "PLA Computer Network Operations: Scenarios, Doctrine, Organizations, and Capability". In ...
A cyber force is a military branch of a nation's armed forces that conducts military operations in cyberspace and cyberwarfare. [1] The world's first independent cyber force was the People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, which was established in 2015 and also serves as China's space force.