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It also includes the remote Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic Ocean. Temperate Southern Africa is a marine realm, one of the great biogeographic divisions of the world's ocean basins. On the Atlantic coast, Temperate South America transitions to the Tropical Atlantic marine realm near Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
The temperate Valdivian, matorral, and Magellanic ecoregions are isolated from the subtropical/tropical forests that dominate northern South America by such landscapes as the Atacama desert (north of the matorral), the Andes Mountains, and the dry, rain-shadow Patagonian steppe east of the Andes.
Rangelands in South America exclude hyperarid deserts. Examples of the South American rangelands include the Patagonian Steppe, the Monte, the Pampas, the "Llanos" or "Cerrado," the "Chaco" and the "Caatinga." The change in the intensity and location of tropical thunderstorms and other weather patterns is the driving force in the climates of ...
In South America, the thorn forest is called Caatinga, and consists primarily of small, thorny trees that shed their leaves seasonally.Trees typically do not exceed 10 metres (33 ft) in height, usually averaging between 7 and 8 metres (23 and 26 ft) tall.
The South Pacific Gyre is an example of a so-called "oceanic desert", visibly low (purple) in organism density. Polar deserts are visible in consistent white and arid deserts in consistent brown, with tundras oscillating between white and brown.
This is a list of the largest deserts in the world by area. It includes all deserts above 50,000 km 2 (19,300 sq mi). Some of Earth 's biggest non-polar deserts
Many of the world's deserts are caused by these climatological high-pressure areas, [14] within the subtropics. This regime is known as a semiarid/arid subtropical climate, which is generally in areas adjacent to powerful cold ocean currents. Examples of this climate are the coastal areas of Southern Africa and the west coast of South America. [15]
The Pampas (from the Quechua: pampa, meaning "plain"), also known as the Pampas Plain, are fertile South American low grasslands that cover more than 1,200,000 square kilometres (460,000 sq mi) and include the Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, and Córdoba; all of Uruguay; and Brazil's southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul.