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Solid HP(O)(OH) 2 has tetrahedral geometry about the central phosphorus atom, with a P−H bond of 132 pm, one P=O double bond of 148 pm and two longer P−OH single bonds of 154 pm. In common with other phosphorus oxides with P−H bonds (e.g. hypophosphorous acid and dialkyl phosphites ), [ 2 ] it exists in equilibrium with an extremely minor ...
The molecule displays P(═O)H to P–OH tautomerism similar to that of phosphorous acid; the P(═O) form is strongly favoured. [6] HPA is usually supplied as a 50% aqueous solution and heating at low temperatures (up to about 90 °C) prompts it to react with water to form phosphorous acid and hydrogen gas. H 3 PO 2 + H 2 O → H 3 PO 3 + H 2
The last one is pyrophosphate [P 2 O 7] 4−. The pyrophosphates are mostly water-soluble. Likewise, tripolyphosphoric acid H 5 P 3 O 10 yields at least five anions [H 5−k P 3 O 10] k−, where k ranges from 1 to 5, including tripolyphosphate [P 3 O 10] 5−. Tetrapolyphosphoric acid H 6 P 4 O 13 yields at least six anions, including ...
Hypophosphoric acid can be prepared by the reaction of red phosphorus with sodium chlorite at room temperature. [2]2 P + 2 NaClO 2 + 2 H 2 O → Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 6 + 2 HCl. A mixture of hypophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid (H 3 PO 3) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) is produced when white phosphorus oxidises in air when partially immersed in water.
The hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas is streamed into a wet (water) scrubber producing hydrofluoric acid. In both cases the phosphoric acid solution usually contains 23–33% P 2 O 5 (32–46% H 3 PO 4). It may be concentrated to produce commercial-or merchant-grade phosphoric acid, which contains about 54–62% P 2 O 5 (75–85% H 3 PO 4).
Most hydrogenphosphate salts are colorless, water soluble, and nontoxic. It is a conjugate acid of phosphate [PO 4] 3-and a conjugate base of dihydrogen phosphate [H 2 PO 4] −. It is formed when a pyrophosphate anion [P 2 O 7] 4− reacts with water H 2 O by hydrolysis, which can give hydrogenphosphate: [P 2 O 7] 4− + H 2 O ⇌ 2 [HPO 4] 2−
Their generic formula is H n−x+2 P n O 3n−x+1, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure. These acids, and their esters and salts (" phosphates ") include some of the best-known and most important compounds of phosphorus.
2 C 2 H 2) 2− 2. [7]: 1056–1057 when the redox ambiguity of a central atom and ligand yields dichotomous oxidation states of close stability, thermally induced tautomerism may result, as exemplified by manganese catecholate, Mn(C 6 H 4 O 2) 3. [7]: 1057–1058 Assignment of such oxidation states requires spectroscopic, [14] magnetic or ...