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Erythrina herbacea, commonly known as the coral bean, Cherokee bean, Mamou plant in South Louisiana, red cardinal or cardinal spear, is a flowering shrub or small tree found throughout the southeastern United States and northeastern Mexico; [2] it has also been reported from parts of Central America and, as an introduced species, from Pakistan.
Erythrina leaves are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the swift moth Endoclita damor and the woolly bears Hypercompe eridanus and Hypercompe icasia. The mite Tydeus munsteri is a pest on the coastal coral tree . Many birds visit the nectar-rich Erythrina flowers.
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A tree blooming in Brisbane, Australia. Erythrina crista-galli is a small tree, the girth of its trunk measuring 50 cm (20 in). Normally it grows 5–8 m (16–26 ft) tall, although some individuals, such as in the Argentine provinces of Salta, Jujuy and Tucumán, can grow up to 10 m (33 ft).
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Flower. The flowers are made up of a main petal and four small petals. The main petal curves back to expose the stamens. The flower colour is warm red to scarlet. This is one of the main differences between Erythrina caffra and Erythrina lysistemon. The flowers form stalked axillary racemes up to 100mm long.
The skeletal structures of both Erythrina and HomoErythrina alkaloid contain 4 rings. The D ring is generally aromatic. It can be benzene or heterocyclic ring. The difference between Erythrina and HomoErythrina alkaloids is the C ring's member amount. The configuration of the 5-carbon is always S in all known isolated alkaloids.
Erythrina corallodendron, the red bean tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. [2] It is native to the Caribbean; Jamaica, Hispaniola , Puerto Rico, the Leeward Islands , and the Windward Islands , and has been introduced to Trinidad and Tobago , Kenya, Réunion , and the Malay Peninsula . [ 1 ]