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[11] [12] In May 2009, PFOS was determined to be a persistent organic pollutant (POP) by the Stockholm Convention. [13] Following the EPA's investigation into 3M Contamination of Minnesota Groundwater , in 2018, 3M agreed to pay the state of Minnesota $850 million to settle a $5 billion lawsuit over drinking water contaminated by PFOA and other ...
In art, in particular drawings in pastels, charcoal, chalk, and other dry media, a fixative is a kind of preserving agent applied over the top of the drawing to prevent crumbling, [1] smudging, fading, and discolouring. [2] [3] In times gone by, natural substances such as diluted egg white were painted on, but today synthetic sprays are usually ...
Varnish on wood stairs Varnished oak floor. Varnish is a clear transparent hard protective coating or film. It is not to be confused with wood stain. It usually has a yellowish shade due to the manufacturing process and materials used, but it may also be pigmented as desired. It is sold commercially in various shades.
In the mid-1990s, 3M Pharmaceuticals, as the division came to be called, produced the first CFC-free asthma inhaler in response to adoption of the Montreal Protocol by the United States. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] In the 1980s and 1990s, the company spent fifteen years developing a topical cream delivery technology which led in 1997 to health authority ...
RAL is a colour management system used in Europe that is created and administered by the German RAL gGmbH [1] (RAL non-profit LLC), which is a subsidiary of the German RAL Institute . In colloquial speech, RAL refers to the RAL Classic system, mainly used for varnish and powder coating , but now plastics as well.
The sheen [4] or gloss level of a paint is principally determined by the ratio of resinous, adhesive binder, which solidifies after drying, and solid, powdery pigment.The more binder the coating contains, the more regular reflection will be made from its smooth surface; conversely, with less binder, grains of pigment become exposed to the surface, scattering the light and providing matte ...
Fluoride varnish is widely used in the United Kingdom, following guidelines from multiple sources backing its efficacy. Public Health England, a UK government organisation sponsored by the Department of Health, released guidance in 2014 recommending fluoride varnish application at least twice yearly for children and young adults. [13]
[8] [9] The name was soon applied to the entire line of 3M tapes. Scotty McTape, a kilt-wearing cartoon boy, was the brand's mascot for two decades, first appearing in 1944. [10] The familiar tartan design, a take on the well-known Wallace tartan, was introduced in 1945. [10] The Scotch brand, Scotch Tape and Magic Tape are registered ...