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[12] [13] As functionalists point out, however, these words function as personal references, demonstratives, and reflexives, just as pronouns do in other languages. [14] [15] Japanese has a large number of pronouns, differing in use by formality, gender, age, and relative social status of speaker and audience.
Some languages without noun class may have noun classifiers instead. This is common in East Asian languages.. American Sign Language; Bengali (Indo-European); Burmese; Modern written Chinese (Sino-Tibetan) has gendered pronouns introduced in the 1920s to accommodate the translation of Western literature (see Chinese pronouns), which do not appear in spoken Chinese.
Scholars have described considerable variation within each gender; some individuals use these characteristics of gendered speech, while others do not. [5] Upper-class women who did not conform to conventional expectations of gendered speech were sometimes criticized for failing to maintain so-called "traditional Japanese culture". [5]
English does have some words that are associated with gender, but it does not have a true grammatical gender system. "English used to have grammatical gender. We started losing it as a language ...
A third-person pronoun is a pronoun that refers to an entity other than the speaker or listener. [1] Some languages, such as Slavic, with gender-specific pronouns have them as part of a grammatical gender system, a system of agreement where most or all nouns have a value for this grammatical category.
There are no pure third-person pronoun systems in Korean. Unlike in English, Korean allows any part of a sentence except for the verb to be omitted when context is clear, which is usually done instead of using pronouns. It also uses personal names, titles, or kinship terms to refer to third persons in both oral and written communication.
Neopronouns are any pronoun other than "he," "she," "they," or "you"—the most common pronouns. Since English is a gendered language, English-speaking societies have been highly gendered and ...
Genderless languages do have various means to recognize natural gender, such as gender-specific words (mother, son, etc., and distinct pronouns such as he and she in some cases), as well as gender-specific context, both biological and cultural. Genderless languages are listed at list of languages by type of grammatical genders.