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  2. Indian nationality law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_nationality_law

    The distinction between the meaning of the terms citizenship and nationality is not always clear in the English language and differs by country. Generally, nationality refers a person's legal belonging to a nation state and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of a state; citizenship refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation.

  3. Identity documents of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_documents_of_India

    A large number of people remain without identity documents - poor people especially. In order to include them, identity requirements for Aadhaar have been reduced, however biometric facilities have been provided to reduce or eliminated duplication, so while it may be possible to obtain the card under a false name, it is less likely to be able to obtain another Aadhaar card under a different ...

  4. National Register of Citizens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens

    In contrast, the National Register of Citizens (NRC) is the register of details about Indian citizens residing in India and outside India. NPR is not a citizenship enumeration drive, as it would record even a foreign national staying in a locality for more than six months. NPR is a population registrar and not a citizens' registrar like NRC ...

  5. Law of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_India

    In India, as in the majority of common law jurisdictions, the standard of proof in tort cases is the balance of probabilities as opposed to the reasonable doubt standard used in criminal cases or the preponderance of the evidence standard used in American tort litigation, although the latter is extremely similar in practice to the balance of ...

  6. History of citizenship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_citizenship

    Ancient Athenian armor from the 6th century BCE called a greave covered a citizen-soldier's knee and lower leg. A hoplite's armor signified its owner's social status as well as his service to the community. (Snodgrass 1967 (1999), 58–59) History of citizenship describes the changing relation between an individual and the state, known as ...

  7. Nationality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationality

    This form of citizenship originated in England, where those who were born within the realm were subjects of the monarch (a concept pre-dating that of citizenship in England) and is common in common law countries. Most countries in the Americas grant unconditional jus soli citizenship, while it has been limited or abolished in almost all other ...

  8. Indian Identity Certificate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Identity_Certificate

    Indian Identity Certificates have a yellow cover with golden colored printing. The Emblem of India is emblazoned in the centre of the front cover. The words 'Identity Certificate' are inscribed above the Emblem whereas 'भारत गणराज्य' and 'Republic of India' are inscribed below the emblem. The standard book contains 36 pages.

  9. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_Rights...

    The Preamble of the Constitution of IndiaIndia declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...