Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Currently, there are several reports on standardisation of protocol for the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The effect of different parameters such as infection time, acetosyringone, DTT, and cysteine have been studied in soybean (Glycine max). [18] Possible plant compounds that initiate Agrobacterium to infect plant cells: [19]
To interact with host plant proteins many Agrobacterium virulence proteins encoded by vir genes. Agrobacterium vir gene expression occurs via the VirA-VirG sensor that results in generation of a mobile single-stranded T-DNA copy (T-strand). A processed form of VirB2 is the major component of the T-complex that is required for transformation.
The vir helper plasmid contains the vir genes that originated from the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium. These genes code for a series of proteins that cut the binary vector at the left and right border sequences, and facilitate transfer and integration of T-DNA to the plant's cells and genomes, respectively. [4]
The transformation of fungi using Agrobacterium is used primarily for research purposes, [25] [26] and follows similar approaches as for plant transformation. The Ti plasmid system is modified to include DNA elements to select for transformed fungal strains, after co-incubation of Agrobacterium strains carrying these plasmids with fungal species.
The main benefit of agroinfiltration when compared to the more traditional plant transformation is speed and convenience, although yields of the recombinant protein are generally also higher and more consistent. The first step is to introduce a gene of interest to a strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
Within the host plant cell's genome, the T-DNA of Agrobacterium is expressed to produce two main groups of proteins. [1] One group is responsible for the production of plant growth hormones. As these hormones are produced, there will be an increase in the rate of cell division and therefore the formation of crown gall tumors. [ 47 ]
Plant transformation vectors are plasmids that have been specifically designed to facilitate the generation of transgenic plants.The most commonly used plant transformation vectors are T-DNA binary vectors and are often replicated in both E. coli, a common lab bacterium, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a plant-virulent bacterium used to insert the recombinant DNA into plants.
This compound also allows higher transformation efficiency in plants, as shown in A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation procedures, and so is of importance in plant biotechnology. [3] Acetosyringone can also be found in Posidonia oceanica [4] and a wide variety of other plants. It is secreted at wounded sites of dicotyledons.