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This category includes chemical compounds that are derivatives or structural analogs of benzene in which the benzene has multiple substituents or bonds. For benzene derivatives that include a phenyl group , C 6 H 5 – (benzene with only one substituent or bond), see the child category, Category:Phenyl compounds .
There are three main ortho effects in substituted benzene compounds: Steric hindrance forces cause substitution of a chemical group in the ortho position of benzoic acids become stronger acids. Steric inhibition of protonation caused by substitution of anilines to become weaker bases, compared to substitution of isomers in the meta and para ...
Benzene is sufficiently nucleophilic that it undergoes substitution by acylium ions and alkyl carbocations to give substituted derivatives. Electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. The most widely practiced example of this reaction is the ethylation of benzene. Approximately 24,700,000 tons were produced in 1999. [73]
A disubstituted phenyl compound (trisubstituted benzene) may be, for example, 1,3,5-trisubstituted or 1,2,3-trisubstituted. Higher degrees of substitution, of which the pentafluorophenyl group is an example, exist and are named according to IUPAC nomenclature.
Alkylbenzenes are derivatives of benzene, in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl groups. The simplest member, toluene (or methylbenzene), has the hydrogen atom of the benzene ring replaced by a methyl group. The chemical formula of alkylbenzenes is C n H 2n-6. [2] Safety hazards of toluene.
Benzyl group and derivatives: Benzyl group, benzyl radical, benzyl amine, benzyl bromide, benzyl chloroformate, and benzyl methyl ether. R = heteroatom, alkyl, aryl, allyl etc. or other substituents. In organic chemistry, benzyl is the substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure R−CH 2 −C 6 H 5.
In organic chemistry, dihydroxybenzenes (benzenediols) are organic compounds in which two hydroxyl groups (−OH) are substituted onto a benzene ring (C 6 H 6).These aromatic compounds are classed as phenols.
Prismane or 'Ladenburg benzene' is a polycyclic hydrocarbon with the formula C 6 H 6. It is an isomer of benzene , specifically a valence isomer . Prismane is far less stable than benzene.
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