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The most common form, seen in infants, is an infantile hemangioma, known colloquially as a "strawberry mark", most commonly presenting on the skin at birth or in the first weeks of life. A hemangioma can occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly appears on the face, scalp, chest or back.
A pyogenic granuloma or lobular capillary hemangioma [3] is a vascular tumor that occurs on both mucosa and skin, and appears as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation, physical trauma, or hormonal factors. [4] [5] It is often found to involve the gums, skin, or nasal septum, and has also been found far from the head, such as in the thigh. [6]
Segmental hemangiomas are larger, and appear to encompass a region of the body. Larger or segmental hemangiomas that span a large area can sometimes have underlying anomalies that may require investigation, especially when located on the face, sacrum, or pelvis. Unless ulceration occurs, an IH does not tend to bleed and is not painful.
A diagnosis is generally made from the physical examination, along with imaging of the head and chest, and an eye examination. PHACE is most commonly diagnosed among female infants. Long-term quality of life varies. The hemangioma growth phase can last anywhere from 6 to 18 months. Then involution, or healing, of the hemangioma begins.
Areas of tiny red dots (petechiae) can appear around the lesion or on other parts of the body. If the vascular lesion is internal, these petechiae and bruising can be seen on the skin. Bruising and spontaneous bleeding can also occur. The tumors are hemangiomas.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (also known as: [1] "Epithelioid hemangioma," "Histiocytoid hemangioma," "Inflammatory angiomatous nodule," "Intravenous atypical vascular proliferation," "Papular angioplasia," "Inflammatory arteriovenous hemangioma," and "Pseudopyogenic granuloma") usually presents with pink to red-brown, dome-shaped, dermal papules or nodules of the head or neck ...
A tufted angioma, also known as an acquired tufted angioma, angioblastoma, angioblastoma of Nakagawa, hypertrophic hemangioma, progressive capillary hemangioma, and tufted hemangioma [1] [2] usually develops in infancy or early childhood on the neck and upper trunk, and is an ill-defined, dull red macule with a mottled appearance, varying from 2 to 5 cm in diameter.
Targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma, also known as a hobnail hemangioma is a skin condition characterized by a central brown or purplish papule that is surrounded by an ecchymotic halo. [1] [2] It may appear similar to melanoma. It was first described by Santa Cruz and Aronberg in 1988. [2]