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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 January 2025. 1807–1814 war against Napoleon in Iberia Not to be confused with the French invasion of Spain in 1823. Peninsular War Part of the Napoleonic Wars Peninsular war Clockwise from top left: The Third of May 1808 Battle of Somosierra Battle of Bayonne Disasters of War prints by Goya Date 2 ...
The Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts and other military defences built in secrecy to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War.Named after the nearby town of Torres Vedras, they were ordered by Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington, constructed by Colonel Richard Fletcher and his Portuguese workers between November 1809 and September 1810, and used to stop Marshal Masséna's 1810 ...
Often referred to solely as "The Duke of Wellington", he led a successful military career in the Indian subcontinent during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798–99) and the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805), and in Europe during the Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815).
Wellington has often been portrayed as a defensive general, even though many, perhaps most, of his battles were offensive (Argaum, Assaye, Oporto, Salamanca, Vitoria, Toulouse). However, for most of the Peninsular War, where he earned his fame, his army lacked the numbers for a strategically offensive posture. [256]
The Peninsular War was a military conflict for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars, waged between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom and Portugal. It started when French and Spanish armies, then allied, occupied Portugal in 1807, and escalated in 1808 when France turned on Spain, its former ally.
Oman, Sir Charles (1914), A History of the Peninsular War: Volume V, October 1811 to August 1812, Clarendon Press; Ortiz, Lt Col Fernando (2019). "Civilian Casualties during the Sack of Badajoz 1812" Paget, Julian (1996). Wellington's Peninsular War – Battles and Battlefields. London.
The campaign in south-west France in late 1813 and early 1814 was the final campaign of the Peninsular War.An allied army of British, Portuguese and Spanish soldiers under the command of Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington fought a string of battles against French forces under the command of Marshal Jean de Dieu Soult, from the Iberian Peninsula across the Pyrenees and into south-west ...
Map of the battlefield. The Battle of Salamanca (in French and Spanish known as the Battle of the Arapiles) took place on 22 July 1812. An Anglo-Portuguese army under the Earl of Wellington (future Duke of Wellington) defeated Marshal Auguste Marmont's French forces at Arapiles, south of Salamanca, Spain, during the Peninsular War.
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