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  2. Lanosterol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanosterol

    Lanosterol is a tetracyclic triterpenoid and is the compound from which all animal and fungal steroids are derived. By contrast, plant steroids are produced via cycloartenol . [ 1 ] In the eyes of vertebrates, lanosterol is a natural constituent, having a role in maintaining health of the lens .

  3. Squalene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalene

    Squalene is a biochemical precursor to both steroids and hopanoids. [12] ... It then undergoes an enzyme-catalysed cyclisation to produce lanosterol, ...

  4. Lanosterol synthase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanosterol_synthase

    Lanosterol synthase (EC 5.4.99.7) is an oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) enzyme that converts -2,3-oxidosqualene to a protosterol cation and finally to lanosterol. [5] Lanosterol is a key four-ringed intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis.

  5. 2,3-Oxidosqualene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,3-Oxidosqualene

    It is formed when squalene is oxidized by the enzyme squalene monooxygenase. 2,3-Oxidosqualene is the substrate of various oxidosqualene cyclases, including lanosterol synthase, which produces lanosterol, a precursor to cholesterol. [1] The stereoisomer (R)-2,3-oxidosqualene is an inhibitor of lanosterol synthase.

  6. Oxidosqualene cyclase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidosqualene_cyclase

    Research is being done for other compounds which block different steps in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, including the reaction performed by oxidosqualene cyclase which cyclizes squalene to form lanosterol. [7] Oxidosqualene cyclase, which is downstream of squalene in the pathway, is an attractive target for inhibition.

  7. Squalene monooxygenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalene_monooxygenase

    Squalene monooxygenase (also called squalene epoxidase) is a eukaryotic enzyme that uses NADPH and diatomic oxygen to oxidize squalene to 2,3-oxidosqualene (squalene epoxide). Squalene epoxidase catalyzes the first oxygenation step in sterol biosynthesis and is thought to be one of the rate-limiting enzymes in this pathway. [ 5 ]

  8. Triterpene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triterpene

    Steroids feature a cucurbitane core, although in practice they are biosynthesised from either lanosterol (animals and fungi) or cycloartenol (plants) via the cyclization of squalene. Steroids have two principal biological functions, being either key components of cell membranes or signaling molecules that activate steroid hormone receptors.

  9. Steroid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid

    Squalene biosynthesis is catalyzed by squalene synthase, which belongs to the squalene/phytoene synthase family. Subsequent epoxidation and cyclization of squalene generate lanosterol, which is the starting point for additional modifications into other steroids (steroidogenesis). [ 65 ]

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