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According to Exodus 3:5, the ground of the mountain was considered holy, and Moses was commanded by God to remove his sandals. Exodus 17:6 describes the incident when the Israelites were in the wilderness without water. When Moses was "upon the rock at Horeb", he strikes the rock and obtains drinking water from the rock. [12]
In Exodus, Moses' father-in-law is initially referred to as "Reuel" (Exodus 2:18) but afterwards as "Jethro" (Exodus 3:1). He was also identified as the father of Hobab in Numbers 10:29, though Judges 4:11 identifies him as Hobab. [3] [4] [5] Muslim scholars and the Druze identify Jethro with the prophet Shuayb, also said to come from Midian.
When Moses starts to approach, God tells Moses to take off his sandals first due to the place being a sacred space. [ 8 ] The voice from the bush, which later self-discloses as Yahweh , reveals himself as "the God of Abraham , the God of Isaac , and the God of Jacob " [ 9 ] and thus Moses hides his face.
According to the Hebrew Bible, in the encounter of the burning bush (Exodus 3:14), Moses asks what he is to say to the Israelites when they ask what gods have sent him to them, and YHWH replies, "I am who I am", adding, "Say this to the people of Israel, 'I am has sent me to you. ' " [4] Despite this exchange, the Israelites are never written to have asked Moses for the name of God. [13]
The covenant is described in stages: at Exodus 24:3–8 the Israelites agree to abide by the "book of the covenant" that Moses has just read to them; shortly afterwards God writes the "words of the covenant" – the Ten Commandments – on stone tablets; and finally, as the people gather in Moab to cross into the promised land of Canaan, Moses ...
Moses said that he could not speak eloquently, [6] so God allowed Aaron, his elder brother, [7] to become his spokesperson. After the Ten Plagues, Moses led the Exodus of the Israelites out of Egypt and across the Red Sea, after which they based themselves at Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments.
Exodus states that the plagues only came against the Egyptians and did not affect the Hebrews. Pharaoh asked Moses to remove this plague and promised to grant the Israelites their freedom. However, after the plague was gone, Pharaoh refused to keep his promise, as his heart was hardened by God.
Patterns of Evidence: The Moses Controversy is a 2019 documentary film directed by Tim Mahoney and sequel to Patterns of Evidence: Exodus.It examines whether Moses directly wrote the events of the Exodus as an eye-witness account, and largely advocates for the traditional Mosaic authorship view that the "Five Books of Moses" (Pentateuch) were directly written by Moses himself, with the ...