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Magnesium sulfate or magnesium sulphate is a chemical compound, a salt with the formula MgSO 4, consisting of magnesium cations Mg 2+ (20.19% by mass) and sulfate anions SO 2− 4. It is a white crystalline solid , soluble in water but not in ethanol .
It is readily soluble in water, and absorbs water from the air. It converts to hexahydrate with the loss of one water molecule and a switch to monoclinic structure. [5] The epsomite group includes solid solution series with morenosite (NiSO 4 · 7 H 2 O) and goslarite (ZnSO 4 · 7 H 2 O). [3] [clarification needed]
Like magnesium oxide, it will generate a basic carbonate when placed in the air. [3] Magnesium sulfide can be produced by the reaction of magnesium and hydrogen sulfide, or by the reaction of magnesium sulfate and carbon disulfide at high temperature: [6] Mg + H 2 S → MgS + H 2 3 MgSO 4 + 4 CS 2 → 3 MgS + 4 COS + 4 SO 2
The structure of hydrates can be quite elaborate, because of the existence of hydrogen bonds that define polymeric structures. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Historically, the structures of many hydrates were unknown, and the dot in the formula of a hydrate was employed to specify the composition without indicating how the water is bound.
Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO 4.It forms hydrates ZnSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 0 to 7. All are colorless solids. The most common form includes water of crystallization as the heptahydrate, [4] with the formula Zn SO 4 ·7H 2 O.
Like many metal sulfates, manganese sulfate forms a variety of hydrates: monohydrate, tetrahydrate, pentahydrate, and heptahydrate. All of these salts dissolve in water to give faintly pink solutions of the aquo complex [Mn(H 2 O) 6] 2+. The structure of MnSO 4 ·H 2 O has been determined by X-ray crystallography (see figure).
Ammonium heptamolybdate is the inorganic compound whose chemical formula is (NH 4) 6 Mo 7 O 24, normally encountered as the tetrahydrate.A dihydrate is also known. It is a colorless solid, often referred to as ammonium paramolybdate or simply as ammonium molybdate, although "ammonium molybdate" can also refer to ammonium orthomolybdate, (NH 4) 2 MoO 4, and several other compounds.
Trimagnesium phosphate describes inorganic compounds with formula Mg 3 (PO 4) 2. xH 2 O. They are magnesium acid salts of phosphoric acid, with varying amounts of water of crystallization: x = 0, 5, 8, 22. [2] The octahydrate forms upon reaction of stoichiometric quantities of monomagnesium phosphate (tetrahydrate) with magnesium hydroxide.