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Diagram of an ovule in gymnosperms and angiosperms Photomicrograph of an ovule of a monocotyledon. In angiosperms the gynoecium, also called pistil, consists of one or more carpels or carpel leaves that form a cavity, the ovary, inside which the ovules or seminal primordia are protected from both desiccation and attack by phytophagous insects.
A pistil may consist of one carpel (with its ovary, style and stigma); or it may comprise several carpels joined together to form a single ovary, the whole unit called a pistil. The gynoecium may present as one or more uni-carpellate pistils or as one multi-carpellate pistil.
In the flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium. Specifically, it is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the base of the petals and sepals.
Diagram showing the stigma-style-ovary system of the female reproductive organ of a plant. The stigma is fixed to the apex of the style , a narrow upward extension of the ovary . The stigma ( pl. : stigmas or stigmata ) [ 1 ] is the receptive tip of a carpel , or of several fused carpels, in the gynoecium of a flower .
Paleontologists can take advantage of diagrams for reconstruction of fossil flowers. Floral diagrams are also of didactic value. [1]: xiii Relation of a plant material (Campanula medium) to the floral diagram. Black dashed line shows the cross-section. 1 – position of the main axis; 2 – cross-section through the lateral flower; 3 ...
Diagram of a typical drupe (in this case, a peach), showing both fruit and seed A schematic picture of an orange hesperidium A segment of an orange that has been opened to show the pulp (juice vesicles) of the endocarp. Fruit anatomy is the plant anatomy of the internal structure of fruit.
More specialized functions can also be performed by the floral axis. For example, in the plant Hibiscus, the floral axis is able to proliferate and produce fruit, rendering processes like self pollination unnecessary. [9] A diagram of a flower showing the different organs and their placement on the flower.
Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants. Originally, it included plant morphology , the description of the physical form and external structure of plants, but since the mid-20th century, plant anatomy has been considered a separate field referring only to internal plant structure.