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Warm water to the south of the Hawaiian Islands around November allowed a late tropical disturbance to develop into Hurricane Iwa, [13] which became the sixth wettest tropical cyclone ever recorded in Hawaii, and the costliest up to that point, [14] causing damage totaling $312 million (1982 USD, $985 million 2025 USD) [15] and leaving 500 ...
March is typically the warmest and wettest month, with temperatures as high as 30°C and as much as 80 mm of rainfall. [1] Temperature and rainfall vary with elevation, creating a range of microclimates on the higher islands. Average annual temperature declines an average of 0.9°C for every 100 meters of elevation, and rainfall increases.
Weather also changes as altitude increases on the larger islands. Temperature decreases gradually with altitude, while precipitation increases due to the condensation of moisture from clouds on the slopes. This pattern of generally wet highlands and drier lowlands affects the plant life on the larger islands.
The ocean temperature plays a crucial role in the global climate system, ocean currents and for marine habitats. It varies depending on depth, geographical location and season. Not only does the temperature differ in seawater, so does the salinity. Warm surface water is generally saltier than the cooler deep or polar waters. [1]
English: The Cromwell Current stirs up the ocean on the west (leeward) side of the Galapagos, and brings cool, nutrient-rich water up from the ocean depths (Upwelling). The nutrients nourish phytoplankton, which form the base of the ocean’s food web.
An especially strong Walker circulation causes La Niña, which is considered to be the cold oceanic and positive atmospheric phase of the broader El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) weather phenomenon, as well as the opposite of El Niño weather pattern, [19] where sea surface temperature across the eastern equatorial part of the central ...
The name El Junco is Spanish for sedge which is endemic to the islands. During World War II, American forces stationed at the military base on Baltra Island utilized El Junco as a primary source of water, due to it being the closest available source of freshwater. [1] The lake is managed by the Galapagos National Park Service.
Wildlife includes sea lions, and lava flows come up to the edge of the water. Scuba diving is particularly popular, as water temperatures remain comfortable year round (18–25 °C) and visibility is generally excellent (10–20 m). Academy Bay is an example of a graben structure: a down-dropped block bound by faults.