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As of 2020, the most expensive non- synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium. It is followed by caesium, iridium and palladium by mass and iridium, gold and platinum by volume. Carbon in the form of diamond can be more expensive than rhodium. Per-kilogram prices of some synthetic radioisotopes range to trillions of dollars.
Iridium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ir and atomic number 77. A very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, it is considered the second-densest naturally occurring metal (after osmium) with a density of 22.56 g/cm 3 (0.815 lb/cu in) [ 8] as defined by experimental X-ray crystallography. [ a] 191 Ir and 193 ...
Physical properties. Osmium, remelted pellet. Osmium is a hard, brittle, blue-gray metal, and the densest stable element —about twice as dense as lead. The density of osmium is slightly greater than that of iridium; the two are so similar (22.587 versus 22.562 g/cm 3 at 20 °C) that each was at one time considered to be the densest element.
The best known precious metals are the coinage metals, which are gold and silver. Although both have industrial uses, they are better known for their uses in art, jewelry, and coinage. Other precious metals include the platinum group metals: ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, of which platinum is the most widely ...
The price for palladium reached an all-time high of $2,981.40 per ounce on May 3, 2021, [95] [96] driven mainly on speculation of the catalytic converter demand from the automobile industry. Palladium is traded in the spot market with the code "XPD".
Iridium compoundsare compounds containing the element iridium(Ir). Iridium forms compounds in oxidation statesbetween −3 and +9, but the most common oxidation states are +1, +2, +3, and +4.[2] Well-characterized compounds containing iridium in the +6 oxidation state include IrF6and the oxides Sr2MgIrO6and Sr2CaIrO6.
Abundance (atom fraction) of the chemical elements in Earth's upper continental crust as a function of atomic number; [ 5] siderophiles shown in yellow. Graphs of abundance against atomic number can reveal patterns relating abundance to stellar nucleosynthesis and geochemistry . The alternation of abundance between even and odd atomic number is ...
Platinum–iridium alloy. The international prototype of the kilogram (IPK) is an artifact standard of platinum–iridium alloy that was defined as having a mass of exactly one kilogram. Platinum–iridium alloys are alloys of the platinum group precious metals platinum and iridium . Typical alloy proportions are 90:10 or 70:30 (Pt:Ir).