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Solution of triangles (Latin: solutio triangulorum) is the main trigonometric problem of finding the characteristics of a triangle (angles and lengths of sides), when some of these are known. The triangle can be located on a plane or on a sphere .
Fig. 3 – Applications of the law of cosines: unknown side and unknown angle. Given triangle sides b and c and angle γ there are sometimes two solutions for a. The theorem is used in solution of triangles, i.e., to find (see Figure 3): the third side of a triangle if two sides and the angle between them is known: = + ;
Two triangles are congruent if and only if they correspond under a finite product of line reflections. Two triangles with corresponding angles equal are congruent (i.e., all similar triangles are congruent). Hyperbolic triangles have some properties that are the opposite of the properties of triangles in spherical or elliptic geometry:
The corresponding angles as well as the corresponding sides are defined as appearing in the same sequence, so for example if in a polygon with the side sequence abcde and another with the corresponding side sequence vwxyz we have vertex angle a appearing between sides a and b then its corresponding vertex angle v must appear between sides v and w.
If two triangles satisfy the SSA condition and the corresponding angles are acute and the length of the side opposite the angle is greater than the length of the adjacent side multiplied by the sine of the angle (but less than the length of the adjacent side), then the two triangles cannot be shown to be congruent.
In Euclidean geometry, the AA postulate states that two triangles are similar if they have two corresponding angles congruent. The AA postulate follows from the fact that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always equal to 180°. By knowing two angles, such as 32° and 64° degrees, we know that the next angle is 84°, because 180 ...
A quadrilateral such as BCEF is called an adventitious quadrangle when the angles between its diagonals and sides are all rational angles, angles that give rational numbers when measured in degrees or other units for which the whole circle is a rational number. Numerous adventitious quadrangles beyond the one appearing in Langley's puzzle have ...
All pairs of congruent triangles are also similar, but not all pairs of similar triangles are congruent. Given two congruent triangles, all pairs of corresponding interior angles are equal in measure, and all pairs of corresponding sides have the same length. This is a total of six equalities, but three are often sufficient to prove congruence ...